SEARCH:   Advanced

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Jing, Y. Articles by Waxman, S. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Jing, Y. Articles by Waxman, S. Related Collections Neoplasia Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  Blood, Vol. 94 No. 6 (September 15), 1999: pp. 2102-2111 Arsenic Trioxide Selectively Induces Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Apoptosis Via a Hydrogen Peroxide-Dependent Pathway Yongkui Jing, Jie Dai, Ruth M.E. Chalmers-Redman, Willam G. Tatton, and Samuel Waxman From the Rochelle Belfer Chemotherapy Foundation Laboratory, Division of Neoplastic Diseases, Department of Medicine, and the Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY. Low concentrations of As2O3 (1 µmol/L) induce long-lasting remission in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) without significant myelosuppressive side effects. Several groups, including ours, have shown that 0.5 to 1 µmol/L As2O3 induces apoptosis in APL-derived NB4 cells, whereas other leukemic cells are resistant to As2O3 or undergo apoptosis only in response to greater than 2 µmol/L As2O3. In this report, we show that the ability of As2O3 to induce apoptosis in leukemic cells is dependent on the activity of the enzymes that regulate cellular H2O2 content. Thus, NB4 cells have relatively low levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase and have a constitutively higher H2O2 content than U937 monocytic leukemia cells. Glutathione-S-transferase  (GST), which is important for cellular efflux of As2O3, is also low in NB4 cells. Moreover, As2O3 further inhibits GPX activity and increases cellular H2O2 content in NB4 but not in U937 cells. Selenite pretreatment of NB4 cells increases the activity of GPX, lowers cellular H2O2 levels, and renders NB4 cells resistant to 1 µmol/L As2O3. In contrast, concentrations of As2O3 that alone are not capable of inducing apoptosis in NB4 cells induce apoptosis in the presence of the GPx inhibitor mercaptosuccinic acid. Similar effects are observed by modulating the activity of catalase with its inhibitor, aminotriazol. More important from a therapeutic point of view, U937 and HL-60 cells, which require high concentrations of As2O3 to undergo apoptosis, become sensitive to low, clinically acceptable concentrations of As2O3 when cotreated with these GPx and catalase inhibitors. The induction of apoptosis by As2O3 involves an early decrease in cellular mitochondrial membrane potential and increase in H2O2 content, followed by cytochrome c release, caspase 3 activation, DNA fragmentation, and the classic morphologic changes of apoptosis. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: M. Kuroki, Y. Ariumi, M. Ikeda, H. Dansako, T. Wakita, and N. Kato Arsenic Trioxide Inhibits Hepatitis C Virus RNA Replication through Modulation of the Glutathione Redox System and Oxidative Stress J. Virol., March 1, 2009; 83(5): 2338 - 2348. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] R. R. Rosato, J. A. Almenara, S. C. Maggio, S. Coe, P. Atadja, P. Dent, and S. Grant Role of histone deacetylase inhibitor-induced reactive oxygen species and DNA damage in LAQ-824/fludarabine antileukemic interactions Mol. Cancer Ther., October 1, 2008; 7(10): 3285 - 3297. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] A. Yoda, K. Toyoshima, Y. Watanabe, N. Onishi, Y. Hazaka, Y. Tsukuda, J. Tsukada, T. Kondo, Y. Tanaka, and Y. Minami Arsenic Trioxide Augments Chk2/p53-mediated Apoptosis by Inhibiting Oncogenic Wip1 Phosphatase J. Biol. Chem., July 4, 2008; 283(27): 18969 - 18979. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] K. K. Mann, M. Colombo, and W. H. Miller Jr. Arsenic trioxide decreases AKT protein in a caspase-dependent manner Mol. Cancer Ther., June 1, 2008; 7(6): 1680 - 1687. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] B. Dolniak, E. Katsoulidis, N. Carayol, J. K. Altman, A. J. Redig, M. S. Tallman, T. Ueda, R. Watanabe-Fukunaga, R. Fukunaga, and L. C. Platanias Regulation of Arsenic Trioxide-induced Cellular Responses by Mnk1 and Mnk2 J. Biol. Chem., May 2, 2008; 283(18): 12034 - 12042. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] M. Lu, L. Xia, H. Hua, and Y. Jing Acetyl-Keto-{beta}-Boswellic Acid Induces Apoptosis through a Death Receptor 5-Mediated Pathway in Prostate Cancer Cells Cancer Res., February 15, 2008; 68(4): 1180 - 1186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] J.-H. Hung, Y.-S. Lu, Y.-C. Wang, Y.-H. Ma, D.-S. Wang, S. K. Kulp, N. Muthusamy, J. C. Byrd, A.-L. Cheng, and C.-S. Chen FTY720 Induces Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells through Activation of Protein Kinase C {delta} Signaling Cancer Res., February 15, 2008; 68(4): 1204 - 1212. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] J. K. Altman, P. Yoon, E. Katsoulidis, B. Kroczynska, A. Sassano, A. J. Redig, H. Glaser, A. Jordan, M. S. Tallman, N. Hay, et al. Regulatory Effects of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin-mediated Signals in the Generation of Arsenic Trioxide Responses J. Biol. Chem., January 25, 2008; 283(4): 1992 - 2001. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] E. Fox, B. I. Razzouk, B. C. Widemann, S. Xiao, M. O'Brien, W. Goodspeed, G. H. Reaman, S. M. Blaney, A. J. Murgo, F. M. Balis, et al. Phase 1 trial and pharmacokinetic study of arsenic trioxide in children and adolescents with refractory or relapsed acute leukemia, including acute promyelocytic leukemia or lymphoma Blood, January 15, 2008; 111(2): 566 - 573. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] E. H. Kim, M. J. Yoon, S. U. Kim, T. K. Kwon, S. Sohn, and K. S. Choi Arsenic Trioxide Sensitizes Human Glioma Cells, but not Normal Astrocytes, to TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis via CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein Homologous Protein Dependent DR5 Up-regulation Cancer Res., January 1, 2008; 68(1): 266 - 275. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] T. Nakazato, M. Sagawa, K. Yamato, M. Xian, T. Yamamoto, M. Suematsu, Y. Ikeda, and M. Kizaki Myeloperoxidase Is a Key Regulator of Oxidative Stress Mediated Apoptosis in Myeloid Leukemic Cells Clin. Cancer Res., September 15, 2007; 13(18): 5436 - 5445. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] R. Wang, C. Li, D. Song, G. Zhao, L. Zhao, and Y. Jing Ethacrynic Acid Butyl-Ester Induces Apoptosis in Leukemia Cells through a Hydrogen Peroxide Mediated Pathway Independent of Glutathione S-Transferase P1-1 Inhibition Cancer Res., August 15, 2007; 67(16): 7856 - 7864. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] Y. H. Han, S. Z. Kim, S. H. Kim, and W. H. Park Arsenic trioxide inhibits growth of As4.1 juxtaglomerular cells via cell cycle arrest and caspase-independent apoptosis Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, August 1, 2007; 293(2): F511 - F520. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] J. Lu, E.-H. Chew, and A. Holmgren Targeting thioredoxin reductase is a basis for cancer therapy by arsenic trioxide PNAS, July 24, 2007; 104(30): 12288 - 12293. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] J. R. Berenson, J. Matous, R. A. Swift, R. Mapes, B. Morrison, and H. S. Yeh A Phase I/II Study of Arsenic Trioxide/Bortezomib/Ascorbic Acid Combination Therapy for the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma Clin. Cancer Res., March 15, 2007; 13(6): 1762 - 1768. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] J. Leung, A. Pang, W.-H. Yuen, Y.-L. Kwong, and E. W. C. Tse Relationship of expression of aquaglyceroporin 9 with arsenic uptake and sensitivity in leukemia cells Blood, January 15, 2007; 109(2): 740 - 746. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] S. Kitareewan, B. D. Roebuck, E. Demidenko, R. D. Sloboda, and E. Dmitrovsky Lysosomes and Trivalent Arsenic Treatment in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia J Natl Cancer Inst, January 3, 2007; 99(1): 41 - 52. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] M.-T. Park, Y.-H. Kang, I.-C. Park, C.-H. Kim, Y.-S. Lee, H. Y. Chung, and S.-J. Lee Combination treatment with arsenic trioxide and phytosphingosine enhances apoptotic cell death in arsenic trioxide-resistant cancer cells Mol. Cancer Ther., January 1, 2007; 6(1): 82 - 92. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] D. Shackelford, C. Kenific, A. Blusztajn, S. Waxman, and R. Ren Targeted Degradation of the AML1/MDS1/EVI1 Oncoprotein by Arsenic Trioxide Cancer Res., December 1, 2006; 66(23): 11360 - 11369. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] D. Chen, R. Chan, S. Waxman, and Y. Jing Buthionine Sulfoximine Enhancement of Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Apoptosis in Leukemia and Lymphoma Cells Is Mediated via Activation of c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase and Up-regulation of Death Receptors Cancer Res., December 1, 2006; 66(23): 11416 - 11423. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] P. Yoon, N. Giafis, J. Smith, H. Mears, E. Katsoulidis, A. Sassano, J. Altman, A. J. Redig, M. S. Tallman, and L. C. Platanias Activation of mammalian target of rapamycin and the p70 S6 kinase by arsenic trioxide in BCR-ABL-expressing cells. Mol. Cancer Ther., November 1, 2006; 5(11): 2815 - 2823. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] Y. Joe, J.-H. Jeong, S. Yang, H. Kang, N. Motoyama, P. P. Pandolfi, J. H. Chung, and M. K. Kim ATR, PML, and CHK2 Play a Role in Arsenic Trioxide-induced Apoptosis J. Biol. Chem., September 29, 2006; 281(39): 28764 - 28771. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] P. Kannan-Thulasiraman, E. Katsoulidis, M. S. Tallman, J. S. C. Arthur, and L. C. Platanias Activation of the Mitogen- and Stress-activated Kinase 1 by Arsenic Trioxide J. Biol. Chem., August 11, 2006; 281(32): 22446 - 22452. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] N. Giafis, E. Katsoulidis, A. Sassano, M. S. Tallman, L. S. Higgins, A. R. Nebreda, R. J. Davis, and L. C. Platanias Role of the p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway in the Generation of Arsenic Trioxide-Dependent Cellular Responses. Cancer Res., July 1, 2006; 66(13): 6763 - 6771. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] G. J. Schiller, J. Slack, J. D. Hainsworth, J. Mason, M. Saleh, D. Rizzieri, D. Douer, and A. F. List Phase II Multicenter Study of Arsenic Trioxide in Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndromes J. Clin. Oncol., June 1, 2006; 24(16): 2456 - 2464. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] J. Alexandre, C. Nicco, C. Chereau, A. Laurent, B. Weill, F. Goldwasser, and F. Batteux Improvement of the therapeutic index of anticancer drugs by the superoxide dismutase mimic mangafodipir. J Natl Cancer Inst, February 15, 2006; 98(4): 236 - 244. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] A. Lemarie, C. Morzadec, D. Merino, O. Micheau, O. Fardel, and L. Vernhet Arsenic Trioxide Induces Apoptosis of Human Monocytes during Macrophagic Differentiation through Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B-Related Survival Pathway Down-Regulation J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., January 1, 2006; 316(1): 304 - 314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] Y. Jing, N. Hellinger, L. Xia, A. Monks, E. A. Sausville, A. Zelent, and S. Waxman Benzodithiophenes Induce Differentiation and Apoptosis in Human Leukemia Cells Cancer Res., September 1, 2005; 65(17): 7847 - 7855. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] T. Nakazato, K. Ito, Y. Ikeda, and M. Kizaki Green Tea Component, Catechin, Induces Apoptosis of Human Malignant B Cells via Production of Reactive Oxygen Species Clin. Cancer Res., August 15, 2005; 11(16): 6040 - 6049. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] J. Karlsson, A. Edsjo, S. Pahlman, and H. M. Pettersson Multidrug-resistant neuroblastoma cells are responsive to arsenic trioxide at both normoxia and hypoxia Mol. Cancer Ther., July 1, 2005; 4(7): 1128 - 1135. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] W.-C. Chou, H.-Y. Chen, S.-L. Yu, L. Cheng, P.-C. Yang, and C. V. Dang Arsenic suppresses gene expression in promyelocytic leukemia cells partly through Sp1 oxidation Blood, July 1, 2005; 106(1): 304 - 310. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] P. Tassone, P. Neri, R. Burger, R. Savino, M. Shammas, L. Catley, K. Podar, D. Chauhan, S. Masciari, A. Gozzini, et al. Combination Therapy with Interleukin-6 Receptor Superantagonist Sant7 and Dexamethasone Induces Antitumor Effects in a Novel SCID-hu In vivo Model of Human Multiple Myeloma Clin. Cancer Res., June 1, 2005; 11(11): 4251 - 4258. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] N. Karasavvas, J. M. Carcamo, G. Stratis, and D. W. Golde Vitamin C protects HL60 and U266 cells from arsenic toxicity Blood, May 15, 2005; 105(10): 4004 - 4012. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] A. M. Ramos, C. Fernandez, D. Amran, P. Sancho, E. de Blas, and P. Aller Pharmacologic inhibitors of PI3K/Akt potentiate the apoptotic action of the antileukemic drug arsenic trioxide via glutathione depletion and increased peroxide accumulation in myeloid leukemia cells Blood, May 15, 2005; 105(10): 4013 - 4020. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] G. McCollum, P. C. Keng, J. C. States, and M. J. McCabe Jr. Arsenite Delays Progression through Each Cell Cycle Phase and Induces Apoptosis following G2/M Arrest in U937 Myeloid Leukemia Cells J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., May 1, 2005; 313(2): 877 - 887. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] D. Douer and M. S. Tallman Arsenic Trioxide: New Clinical Experience With an Old Medication in Hematologic Malignancies J. Clin. Oncol., April 1, 2005; 23(10): 2396 - 2410. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] L. Xia, D. Chen, R. Han, Q. Fang, S. Waxman, and Y. Jing Boswellic acid acetate induces apoptosis through caspase-mediated pathways in myeloid leukemia cells Mol. Cancer Ther., March 1, 2005; 4(3): 381 - 388. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] M.-T. Park, M.-J. Kim, Y.-H. Kang, S.-Y. Choi, J.-H. Lee, J.-A Choi, C.-M. Kang, C.-K. Cho, S. Kang, S. Bae, et al. Phytosphingosine in combination with ionizing radiation enhances apoptotic cell death in radiation-resistant cancer cells through ROS-dependent and -independent AIF release Blood, February 15, 2005; 105(4): 1724 - 1733. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] Y. Qian, K. J. Liu, Y. Chen, D. C. Flynn, V. Castranova, and X. Shi Cdc42 Regulates Arsenic-induced NADPH Oxidase Activation and Cell Migration through Actin Filament Reorganization J. Biol. Chem., February 4, 2005; 280(5): 3875 - 3884. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] L. Zhou, Y. Jing, M. Styblo, Z. Chen, and S. Waxman Glutathione-S-transferase {pi} inhibits As2O3-induced apoptosis in lymphoma cells: involvement of hydrogen peroxide catabolism Blood, February 1, 2005; 105(3): 1198 - 1203. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] Z. Diaz, M. Colombo, K. K. Mann, H. Su, K. N. Smith, D. S. Bohle, H. M. Schipper, and W. H. Miller Jr Trolox selectively enhances arsenic-mediated oxidative stress and apoptosis in APL and other malignant cell lines Blood, February 1, 2005; 105(3): 1237 - 1245. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] A. M. Evens, P. Lecane, D. Magda, S. Prachand, S. Singhal, J. Nelson, R. A. Miller, R. B. Gartenhaus, and L. I. Gordon Motexafin gadolinium generates reactive oxygen species and induces apoptosis in sensitive and highly resistant multiple myeloma cells Blood, February 1, 2005; 105(3): 1265 - 1273. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] Y.-H. Kang, M.-J. Yi, M.-J. Kim, M.-T. Park, S. Bae, C.-M. Kang, C.-K. Cho, I.-C. Park, M.-J. Park, C. H. Rhee, et al. Caspase-Independent Cell Death by Arsenic Trioxide in Human Cervical Cancer Cells: Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 Activation Signals Apoptosis-Inducing Factor Release from Mitochondria Cancer Res., December 15, 2004; 64(24): 8960 - 8967. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] M. A. S. Khan, H. Oubrahim, and E. R. Stadtman Inhibition of apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells leads to increases in levels of oxidized protein and LMP2 immunoproteasome PNAS, August 10, 2004; 101(32): 11560 - 11565. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] O. Sordet, Z. Liao, H. Liu, S. Antony, E. V. Stevens, G. Kohlhagen, H. Fu, and Y. Pommier Topoisomerase I-DNA Complexes Contribute to Arsenic Trioxide-induced Apoptosis J. Biol. Chem., August 6, 2004; 279(32): 33968 - 33975. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] J. Karlsson, I. Ora, I. Porn-Ares, and S. Pahlman Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Death of Neuroblastoma Cells Involves Activation of Bax and Does Not Require p53 Clin. Cancer Res., May 1, 2004; 10(9): 3179 - 3188. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] R. Wysocki, P.-K. Fortier, E. Maciaszczyk, M. Thorsen, A. Leduc, A. Odhagen, G. Owsianik, S. Ulaszewski, D. Ramotar, and M. J. Tamas Transcriptional Activation of Metalloid Tolerance Genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Requires the AP-1-like Proteins Yap1p and Yap8p Mol. Biol. Cell, May 1, 2004; 15(5): 2049 - 2060. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] K. Davison, K. K. Mann, S. Waxman, and W. H. Miller Jr JNK activation is a mediator of arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells Blood, May 1, 2004; 103(9): 3496 - 3502. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] K. Ito, T. Nakazato, A. Murakami, K. Yamato, Y. Miyakawa, T. Yamada, N. Hozumi, H. Ohigashi, Y. Ikeda, and M. Kizaki Induction of Apoptosis in Human Myeloid Leukemic Cells by 1'-Acetoxychavicol Acetate through a Mitochondrial- and Fas-Mediated Dual Mechanism Clin. Cancer Res., March 15, 2004; 10(6): 2120 - 2130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] A. M. Evens, S. Prachand, B. Shi, M. Paniaqua, L. I. Gordon, and R. B. Gartenhaus Imexon-Induced Apoptosis in Multiple Myeloma Tumor Cells Is Caspase-8 Dependent Clin. Cancer Res., February 15, 2004; 10(4): 1481 - 1491. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] C. Fernandez, A. M. Ramos, P. Sancho, D. Amran, E. de Blas, and P. Aller 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate May Both Potentiate and Decrease the Generation of Apoptosis by the Antileukemic Agent Arsenic Trioxide in Human Promonocytic Cells: REGULATION BY EXTRACELLULAR SIGNAL-REGULATED PROTEIN KINASES AND GLUTATHIONE J. Biol. Chem., January 30, 2004; 279(5): 3877 - 3884. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] J. Yi, J. Yang, R. He, F. Gao, H. Sang, X. Tang, and R. D. Ye Emodin Enhances Arsenic Trioxide-Induced Apoptosis via Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Inhibition of Survival Signaling Cancer Res., January 1, 2004; 64(1): 108 - 116. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] J. Chandra, J. Hackbarth, S. Le, D. Loegering, N. Bone, L. M. Bruzek, V. L. Narayanan, A. A. Adjei, N. E. Kay, A. Tefferi, et al. Involvement of reactive oxygen species in adaphostin-induced cytotoxicity in human leukemia cells Blood, December 15, 2003; 102(13): 4512 - 4519. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] I. V. Lebedeva, Z.-Z. Su, D. Sarkar, S. Kitada, P. Dent, S. Waxman, J. C. Reed, and P. B. Fisher Melanoma Differentiation Associated Gene-7, mda-7/Interleukin-24, Induces Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells by Promoting Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Inducing Reactive Oxygen Species Cancer Res., December 1, 2003; 63(23): 8138 - 8144. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] S. Mathas, A. Lietz, M. Janz, M. Hinz, F. Jundt, C. Scheidereit, K. Bommert, and B. Dorken Inhibition of NF-{kappa}B essentially contributes to arsenic-induced apoptosis Blood, August 1, 2003; 102(3): 1028 - 1034. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] E. Raffoux, P. Rousselot, J. Poupon, M.-T. Daniel, B. Cassinat, R. Delarue, A.-L. Taksin, D. Rea, A. Buzyn, A. Tibi, et al. Combined Treatment With Arsenic Trioxide and All-Trans-Retinoic Acid in Patients With Relapsed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia J. Clin. Oncol., June 15, 2003; 21(12): 2326 - 2334. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] S. Sturlan, M. Baumgartner, E. Roth, and T. Bachleitner-Hofmann Docosahexaenoic acid enhances arsenic trioxide-mediated apoptosis in arsenic trioxide-resistant HL-60 cells Blood, June 15, 2003; 101(12): 4990 - 4997. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] Y. Zhou, E. O. Hileman, W. Plunkett, M. J. Keating, and P. Huang Free radical stress in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells and its role in cellular sensitivity to ROS-generating anticancer agents Blood, May 15, 2003; 101(10): 4098 - 4104. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] G.-Q. Chen, L. Zhou, M. Styblo, F. Walton, Y. Jing, R. Weinberg, Z. Chen, and S. Waxman Methylated Metabolites of Arsenic Trioxide Are More Potent Than Arsenic Trioxide as Apoptotic but not Differentiation Inducers in Leukemia and Lymphoma Cells Cancer Res., April 15, 2003; 63(8): 1853 - 1859. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] D. Douer, W. Hu, S. Giralt, M. Lill, and J. DiPersio Arsenic Trioxide (Trisenox(R)) Therapy for Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia in the Setting of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Oncologist, April 1, 2003; 8(2): 132 - 140. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] P. Sancho, A. Troyano, C. Fernandez, E. De Blas, and P. Aller Differential Effects of Catalase on Apoptosis Induction in Human Promonocytic Cells. Relationships with Heat-Shock Protein Expression Mol. Pharmacol., March 1, 2003; 63(3): 581 - 589. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] G. Mufti, A. F. List, S. D. Gore, and A. Y.L. Ho Myelodysplastic Syndrome Hematology, January 1, 2003; 2003(1): 176 - 199. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] J. Li, P. Chen, N. Sinogeeva, M. Gorospe, R. P. Wersto, F. J. Chrest, J. Barnes, and Y. Liu Arsenic Trioxide Promotes Histone H3 Phosphoacetylation at the Chromatin of CASPASE-10 in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells J. Biol. Chem., December 13, 2002; 277(51): 49504 - 49510. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] N. J. Bahlis, J. McCafferty-Grad, I. Jordan-McMurry, J. Neil, I. Reis, M. Kharfan-Dabaja, J. Eckman, M. Goodman, H. F. Fernandez, L. H. Boise, et al. Feasibility and Correlates of Arsenic Trioxide Combined with Ascorbic Acid-mediated Depletion of Intracellular Glutathione for the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Clin. Cancer Res., December 1, 2002; 8(12): 3658 - 3668. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] A. Verma, M. Mohindru, D. K. Deb, A. Sassano, S. Kambhampati, F. Ravandi, S. Minucci, D. V. Kalvakolanu, and L. C. Platanias Activation of Rac1 and the p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Response to Arsenic Trioxide J. Biol. Chem., November 15, 2002; 277(47): 44988 - 44995. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] T. Hayashi, T. Hideshima, M. Akiyama, P. Richardson, R. L. Schlossman, D. Chauhan, N. C. Munshi, S. Waxman, and K. C. Anderson Arsenic Trioxide Inhibits Growth of Human Multiple Myeloma Cells in the Bone Marrow Microenvironment Mol. Cancer Ther., August 1, 2002; 1(10): 851 - 860. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] W. H. Miller Jr., H. M. Schipper, J. S. Lee, J. Singer, and S. Waxman Mechanisms of Action of Arsenic Trioxide Cancer Res., July 15, 2002; 62(14): 3893 - 3903. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] J. L. Slack, S. Waxman, G. Tricot, M. S. Tallman, and C. D. Bloomfield Advances in the Management of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia and Other Hematologic Malignancies with Arsenic Trioxide Oncologist, April 1, 2002; 7(90001): 1 - 13. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] W. H. Miller Jr. Molecular Targets of Arsenic Trioxide in Malignant Cells Oncologist, April 1, 2002; 7(90001): 14 - 19. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] R. B. Gartenhaus, S. N. Prachand, M. Paniaqua, Y. Li, and L. I. Gordon Arsenic Trioxide Cytotoxicity in Steroid and Chemotherapy-resistant Myeloma Cell Lines: Enhancement of Apoptosis by Manipulation of Cellular Redox State Clin. Cancer Res., February 1, 2002; 8(2): 566 - 572. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] M. S. Tallman, C. Nabhan, J. H. Feusner, and J. M. Rowe Acute promyelocytic leukemia: evolving therapeutic strategies Blood, February 1, 2002; 99(3): 759 - 767. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] S.-H. Hong, Z. Yang, and M. L. Privalsky Arsenic Trioxide Is a Potent Inhibitor of the Interaction of SMRT Corepressor with Its Transcription Factor Partners, Including the PML-Retinoic Acid Receptor {alpha} Oncoprotein Found in Human Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Mol. Cell. Biol., November 1, 2001; 21(21): 7172 - 7182. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] H. Maeda, S. Hori, H. Nishitoh, H. Ichijo, O. Ogawa, Y. Kakehi, and A. Kakizuka Tumor Growth Inhibition by Arsenic Trioxide (As2O3) in the Orthotopic Metastasis Model of Androgen-independent Prostate Cancer Cancer Res., July 1, 2001; 61(14): 5432 - 5440. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] O. Sordet, C. Rebe, I. Leroy, J.-M. Bruey, C. Garrido, C. Miguet, G. Lizard, S. Plenchette, L. Corcos, and E. Solary Mitochondria-targeting drugs arsenic trioxide and lonidamine bypass the resistance of TPA-differentiated leukemic cells to apoptosis Blood, June 15, 2001; 97(12): 3931 - 3940. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] S. Waxman and K. C. Anderson History of the Development of Arsenic Derivatives in Cancer Therapy Oncologist, April 1, 2001; 6(90002): 3 - 10. [Abstract] [Full Text] S. L. Soignet Clinical Experience of Arsenic Trioxide in Relapsed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Oncologist, April 1, 2001; 6(90002): 11 - 16. [Abstract] [Full Text] Y. Jing, L. Wang, L. Xia, G.-q. Chen, Z. Chen, W. H. Miller, and S. Waxman Combined effect of all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo Blood, January 1, 2001; 97(1): 264 - 269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] R. Uslu, U. A. Sanli, C. Sezgin, B. Karabulut, E. Terzioglu, S. B. Omay, and E. Goker Arsenic Trioxide-mediated Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in Prostate and Ovarian Carcinoma Cell Lines Clin. Cancer Res., December 1, 2000; 6(12): 4957 - 4964. [Abstract] [Full Text] M. J. McCabe Jr., K. P. Singh, S. A. Reddy, B. Chelladurai, J. G. Pounds, J. J. Reiners Jr., and J. C. States Sensitivity of Myelomonocytic Leukemia Cells to Arsenite-Induced Cell Cycle Disruption, Apoptosis, and Enhanced Differentiation Is Dependent on the Inter-Relationship between Arsenic Concentration, Duration of Treatment, and Cell Cycle Phase J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., November 1, 2000; 295(2): 724 - 733. [Abstract] [Full Text] G. J. Roboz, S. Dias, G. Lam, W. J. Lane, S. L. Soignet, R. P. Warrell Jr, and S. Rafii Arsenic trioxide induces dose- and time-dependent apoptosis of endothelium and may exert an antileukemic effect via inhibition of angiogenesis Blood, August 15, 2000; 96(4): 1525 - 1530. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] Y. Huang, C. M. Horvath, and S. Waxman Regrowth of 5-Fluorouracil-treated Human Colon Cancer Cells Is Prevented by the Combination of Interferon {{gamma}}, Indomethacin, and Phenylbutyrate Cancer Res., June 1, 2000; 60(12): 3200 - 3206. [Abstract] [Full Text] S. Zhuang, J. T. Demirs, and I. E. Kochevar p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Mediates Bid Cleavage, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Caspase-3 Activation during Apoptosis Induced by Singlet Oxygen but Not by Hydrogen Peroxide J. Biol. Chem., August 18, 2000; 275(34): 25939 - 25948. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] B. A. Wagner, G. R. Buettner, L. W. Oberley, C. J. Darby, and C. P. Burns Myeloperoxidase Is Involved in H2O2-induced Apoptosis of HL-60 Human Leukemia Cells J. Biol. Chem., July 14, 2000; 275(29): 22461 - 22469. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] Y. Yang, J.-Z. Cheng, S. S. Singhal, M. Saini, U. Pandya, S. Awasthi, and Y. C. Awasthi Role of Glutathione S-Transferases in Protection against Lipid Peroxidation. OVEREXPRESSION OF hGSTA2-2 IN K562 CELLS PROTECTS AGAINST HYDROGEN PEROXIDE-INDUCED APOPTOSIS AND INHIBITS JNK AND CASPASE 3 ACTIVATION J. Biol. Chem., May 25, 2001; 276(22): 19220 - 19230. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] M. Neuss, R. Monticone, M. S. Lundberg, A. T. Chesley, E. Fleck, and M. T. Crow The Apoptotic Regulatory Protein ARC (Apoptosis Repressor with Caspase Recruitment Domain) Prevents Oxidant Stress-mediated Cell Death by Preserving Mitochondrial Function J. Biol. Chem., August 31, 2001; 276(36): 33915 - 33922. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

	Copyright © 1999 by American Society of Hematology         Online ISSN: 1528-0020