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Blood, Vol. 94 No. 9 (November 1), 1999:
pp. 3242-3250
Simultaneous Ex Vivo Expansion of Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr
Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Using B-Lymphoblastoid Cell
Lines Expressing Cytomegalovirus pp65
Qi Sun,
Karen E. Pollok,
Robert L. Burton,
Li Jun Dai,
William Britt,
David J. Emanuel, and
Kenneth G. Lucas
From the Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, University of Alabama
at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; the Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric
Research, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN; the Department
of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Alabama, Birmingham,
AL; and Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth,
NJ.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced
lymphoproliferative disease are serious complications associated with
allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Immunotherapy using ex vivo
expanded, virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) has been
explored and proven to be effective in therapeutic or prophylactic
regimens for CMV and EBV infections. To generate CTL specific for both
CMV and EBV, we engineered EBV-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell lines
(BLCL) to express CMV pp65 for use as antigen-presenting cells (APC).
BLCL were transduced with a recombinant retrovirus encoding pp65, the
immunodominant CMV polypeptide. Western blot analysis and
immunocytochemistry confirmed the expression of pp65 in the transduced
cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy CMV
seropositive donors were stimulated with autologous pp65-expressing
BLCL weekly for 3 weeks. Chromium release assays showed that the
resulting CTL cultures possessed specific cytotoxicity against EBV and
CMV. Recombinant vaccinia viruses encoding individual CMV peptides were
used to demonstrate that this CMV-specific cytotoxicity was specific
for pp65. Assays on CD4- and CD8-depleted CTL fractions indicated that
CD8+ CTL mediated the pp65-specific cytotoxicity. These
CMV/EBV-specific CTL recognized CMV- and EBV-infected targets sharing
HLA class I antigens, but not HLA mismatched targets. Our results
demonstrate that BLCL can be used as APC to stimulate expansion of EBV-
and CMV-specific CTL simultaneously. These findings have potential implications for posttransplant CMV and EBV immunotherapy in recipients of allogeneic stem cell transplants.

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