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Blood, Vol. 95 No. 10 (May 15), 2000:
pp. 3032-3043
REVIEW ARTICLE
Chemokine receptors and their role in inflammation and infectious
diseases
Craig Murdoch and
Adam Finn
From the Division of Child Health, University of Sheffield,
Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
Chemokines are small peptides that are potent activators and
chemoattractants for leukocyte subpopulations and some nonhemopoietic cells. Their actions are mediated by a family of 7-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors, the size of which has grown considerably in recent years and now includes 18 members. Chemokine receptor expression on different cell types and their binding and response to
specific chemokines are highly variable. Significant advances have been
made in understanding the regulation of chemokine receptor expression
and the intracellular signaling mechanisms used in bringing about cell
activation. Chemokine receptors have also recently been implicated in
several disease states including allergy, psoriasis, atherosclerosis,
and malaria. However, most fascinating has been the observation that
some of these receptors are used by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in gaining entry into permissive cells. This review will discuss
structural and functional aspects of chemokine receptor biology and
will consider the roles these receptors play in inflammation and in
infectious diseases.
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