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Blood, Vol. 95 No. 10 (May 15), 2000:
pp. 3044-3051
Rho proteins and the p38-MAPK pathway are important mediators for
LPS-induced interleukin-8 expression in human endothelial cells
Stefan Hippenstiel,
Saskia Soeth,
Birgit Kellas,
Oliver Fuhrmann,
Joachim Seybold,
Matthias Krüll,
Christoph v. Eichel-Streiber,
Matthias Goebeler,
Stephan Ludwig, and
Norbert Suttorp
From Charité, Department of Internal Medicine,
Humboldt-University, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Medical
Microbiology and Hygiene, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55101 Mainz,
Germany; Institute for Medical Radiation and Cell Research, University
Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany; and Department of
Dermatology, University Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany.
Bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, or LPS) has potent
proinflammatory properties by acting on many cell types, including endothelial cells. Secretion of the CXC-chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8)
by LPS-activated endothelial cells contributes substantially to the
inflammatory response. Using human umbilical vein endothelial cells
(HUVECs), we analyzed the role of small GTP-binding Rho proteins and
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) for LPS-dependent IL-8
expression in endothelial cells. Specific inactivation of RhoA/Cdc42/Rac1 by Clostridium difficile toxin B-10463
(TcdB-10463) reduced LPS-induced tyrosine phosphorylation, nuclear
factor (NF)- B-dependent gene expression, IL-8 messenger RNA, and
IL-8 protein accumulation but showed no effect on LPS-dependent p38
MAPK activation. Inhibition of p38 MAPK by SB 202190 also blocked
LPS-induced NF-B activation and IL-8 synthesis. Furthermore,
selective activation of the p38 MAPK pathway by transient expression of
a constitutively active form of MAPK kinase (MKK)6, the upstream
activator of p38, was as effective as LPS with respect to IL-8
expression in HUVECs. In summary, our data suggest that
LPS-induced NF-B activation and IL-8 synthesis in HUVECs are
regulated by both a Rho-dependent signaling pathway and the MKK6/p38
kinase cascade.
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