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Blood, Vol. 95 No. 8 (April 15), 2000: pp. 2624-2629

Sphingosine-1-phosphate is a ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor EDG-6

James R. Van Brocklyn, Markus H. Gräler, Günter Bernhardt, John P. Hobson, Martin Lipp, and Sarah Spiegel

From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC; and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Tumor Genetics and Immunogenetics, Berlin, Germany.

EDG-6 is a recently cloned member of the endothelial differentiation gene (EDG) G protein-coupled receptor family that is expressed in lymphoid and hematopoietic tissue and in the lung. Homology of EDG-6 to the known sphingosine-1-phosphate (SPP) receptors EDG-1, EDG-3, and EDG-5 and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptors EDG-2 and EDG-4 suggested that its ligand may be a lysophospholipid or lysosphingolipid. We examined the binding of [32P]SPP to HEK293 cells, transiently transfected with cDNA encoding EDG-6. Binding of [32P]SPP was saturable, demonstrating high affinity (KD = 63 nmol/L). Binding was also specific for SPP, as only unlabeled SPP and sphinganine-1-phosphate, which lacks the trans double bond at the 4 position, potently displaced radiolabeled SPP. LPA did not compete for binding of SPP at any concentration tested, whereas sphingosylphosphorylcholine competed for binding to EDG-6, but only at very high concentrations. In addition, SPP activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) in EDG-6 transfected cells in a pertussis toxin-sensitive manner. These results indicate that EDG-6 is a high affinity receptor for SPP, which couples to a Gi/o protein, resulting in the activation of growth-related signaling pathways.


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