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Blood, 15 September 2000, Vol. 96, No. 6, pp. 2045-2048
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS, INTERVENTIONS, AND THERAPEUTIC TRIALS
Vertical transmission of HCV is related to maternal peripheral
blood mononuclear cell infection
Chiara Azzari,
Massimo Resti,
Maria Moriondo,
Roberto Ferrari,
Paolo Lionetti, and
Alberto Vierucci
From the Department of Pediatrics, University of
Florence, and Azienda Ospedaliera Meyer, Florence, Italy.
Infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) has been
demonstrated to be a crucial event in the vertical transmission of
viruses, and it is known that hepatitis C virus (HCV) can infect PBMNCs. The relationship between vertical transmission of HCV and the presence of positive and negative strands of HCV-RNA in the
PBMNCs of HCV-carrier mothers was investigated using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). During the study, 13 consecutive mothers who transmitted infection to their offspring and 53 consecutive mothers who did not were examined. The positive strand of
HCV-RNA was identified in the PBMNCs of all mothers who transmitted the
infection and in 13 of 53 mothers who did not
(P < 10 6). The HCV-RNA
strand was found in 5 of 13 mothers who transmitted the infection, and
the strand was not found in the mothers who did not transmit the
infection (P = .0001). Neither maternal PBMNC infection
nor HCV transmission to the offspring was significantly related to the
viral genotype or to the maternal viral load. These data show that
maternal PBMNC infection by HCV and viral replicative activity in
PBMNCs are important factors in the transmission of HCV from mother to
child. The mechanism through which HCV infection of PBMNC favors
vertical transmission of the virus is still incompletely understood.
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