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Related Collections Immunobiology Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  Blood, 1 November 2000, Vol. 96, No. 9, pp. 3086-3093 IMMUNOBIOLOGY The human antimicrobial and chemotactic peptides LL-37 and -defensins are expressed by specific lymphocyte and monocyte populations Birgitta Agerberth, Jehad Charo, Joachim Werr, Berit Olsson, Farah Idali, Lennart Lindbom, Rolf Kiessling, Hans Jörnvall, Hans Wigzell, and Gudmundur H. Gudmundsson From the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics; Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; the Center for Cancer Research at Karolinska, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; and the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. We identified antibacterial components in human T and natural killer (NK) cells by using freshly isolated lymphocytes enriched for T and NK cells as starting material. After growing these lymphocytes for 5 days in the presence of interleukin (IL)-2, we isolated and characterized several antibacterial peptides/proteins from the supernatant-defensins (HNP 1-3), LL-37, lysozyme, and a fragment of histone H2Balthough other active components were also present. We then used reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction to search for expression of the gene coding for LL-37 in several B-cell lines, T-cell lines, NK clones, and one monocytic cell line, with positive results, but found no expression in several T-cell lines. The -defensins (HNP 1-3) were also found to be expressed in several of these cell lines. To confirm the presence of these antibacterial peptides in lymphocytes, we localized them to NK, T cells, B cells, and monocytes/macrophages by using double-staining immunohistochemical analysis of freshly isolated lymphocytes. We also found that primary cultures of lymphocytes transcribe and secrete LL-37 and that these processes are affected by IL-6 and interferon-. In addition, we demonstrated that LL-37 has chemotactic activity for polymorphonuclear leukocytes and CD4 T lymphocytes, whereas others have shown chemotactic activity for human -defensins (HNP 1-2). These findings suggest that microbicidal peptides are effector molecules of lymphocytes and that antibacterial activity previously shown to be derived from T and NK cells may be partly mediated by the antibacterial peptides LL-37 and HNP 1-3. © 2000 by The American Society of Hematology.   CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: J. Steinmann, S. Halldorsson, B. Agerberth, and G. H. Gudmundsson Phenylbutyrate Induces Antimicrobial Peptide Expression Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., December 1, 2009; 53(12): 5127 - 5133. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] S. B. 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