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Blood, 1 November 2000, Vol. 96, No. 9, pp. 3154-3160

NEOPLASIA

Mutations of the AML1 gene in myelodysplastic syndrome and their functional implications in leukemogenesis

Yoichi Imai, Mineo Kurokawa, Koji Izutsu, Akira Hangaishi, Kengo Takeuchi, Kazuhiro Maki, Seishi Ogawa, Shigeru Chiba, Kinuko Mitani, and Hisamaru Hirai

From the Department of Hematology and Oncology and the Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

The AML1 gene encodes a DNA-binding protein that contains the runt domain and is the most frequent target of translocations associated with human leukemias. Here, point mutations of the AML1 gene, V105ter (single-letter amino acid code) and R139G, (single-letter amino acid codes) were identified in 2 cases of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) by means of the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism method. Both mutations are present in the region encoding the runt domain of AML1 and cause loss of the DNA-binding ability of the resultant products. Of these mutants, V105ter has also lost the ability to heterodimerize with polyomavirus enhancer binding protein 2/core binding factor beta  (PEBP2beta /CBFbeta ). On the other hand, the R139G mutant acts as a dominant negative inhibitor by competing with wild-type AML1 for interaction with PEBP2beta /CBFbeta . This study is the first report that describes mutations of AML1 in patients with MDS and the mechanism whereby the mutant acts as a dominant negative inhibitor of wild-type AML1.

© 2000 by The American Society of Hematology.
 

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