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Blood, 1 January 2001, Vol. 97, No. 1, pp. 256-263
NEOPLASIA
Interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 levels in chronic lymphocytic
leukemia: correlation with phenotypic characteristics and
outcome
Luis Fayad,
Michael J. Keating,
James M. Reuben,
Susan O'Brien,
Bang-Ning Lee,
Susan Lerner, and
Razelle Kurzrock
From the Departments of Leukemia, Laboratory Medicine,
and Bioimmunotherapy, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson
Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
The objective of this study was to examine the correlation between
serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-10 levels and outcome in chronic
lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Serum IL-6 and IL-10 levels were measured
by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays from 159 and 151 CLL patients,
respectively, and from healthy control subjects (n = 55 [IL-6];
n = 37 [IL-10]). Cytokine levels were correlated with clinical
features and survival. Serum IL-6 levels were higher in CLL patients
(median, 1.45 pg/mL; range, undetectable to 110 pg/mL) than in control
subjects (median, undetectable; range, undetectable to 4.30 pg/mL)
(P < .0001). Serum IL-10 levels were higher in CLL
patients (median, 5.04 pg/mL; range, undetectable to 74 pg/mL) than in
normal volunteers (median, undetectable; range, undetectable to 13.68 pg/mL) (P < .00001). Assays measuring both Epstein-Barr
virus-derived and human IL-10 yielded higher values than assays
measuring primarily human IL-10 (P < .05). Patients with
elevation of serum IL-6 or IL-10 levels, or both, had worse median and
3-year survival (log rank P < .001) and unfavorable characteristics (prior treatment, elevated
2-microglobulin or lactate dehydrogenase, or Rai stage
III or IV). Elevated IL-6 and IL-10 levels were independent prognostic
factors for survival when analyzed individually or in combination (Cox
regression analysis). However, if 2-microglobulin was
incorporated into the analysis, it was selected as an independent
prognostic feature, and IL-6/IL-10 were no longer selected. In patients
with CLL, serum IL-6 and IL-10 (viral and human) levels are elevated
and correlate with adverse disease features and short survival. In
multivariate analysis, however, 2-microglobulin is the
most important prognostic factor.

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