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Blood, 15 May 2001, Vol. 97, No. 10, pp. 2948-2956
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS, INTERVENTIONS, AND THERAPEUTIC TRIALS
Larger numbers of CD4bright dendritic
cells in donor bone marrow are associated with increased relapse after
allogeneic bone marrow transplantation
Edmund K. Waller,
Hilary Rosenthal,
Terry W. Jones,
Jennifer Peel,
Sagar Lonial,
Amelia Langston,
Istvan Redei,
Ingrid Jurickova, and
Michael W. Boyer
From the Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplant Center,
Division of Hematology and Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, and the
Department of Biostatistics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA; and the
Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Cincinnati
Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.
Relapse is the major cause of death after allogeneic bone marrow
transplantation (BMT). This study tested the hypothesis that the
numbers of donor mononuclear cells, lymphocytes, and CD34+
cells influence relapse and event-free survival (EFS) after BMT. The
study population consisted of 113 consecutive patients with hematologic
malignancies who underwent non-T-cell-depleted BMT from HLA-matched
siblings. Sixty-four patients had low-risk diagnoses (ALL/AML CR1, MDS
RA/RARS, and CML CP1); 49 patients had high-risk diagnoses (all
others). CD34+ cells, T cells, B cells, natural killer
cells, monocytes, and a rare population of CD3 ,
CD4bright cells in the allografts were measured by flow
cytometry. The CD3 , CD4bright cells in bone
marrow had the same frequency and phenotype as CD123bright
type 2 dendritic cell (DC) progenitors, and they differentiated into
typical DCs after short-term culture. Cox regression analyses evaluated
risk strata, age, gender, and the numbers of nucleated cells,
CD3+ T cells, CD34+ hematopoietic cells, and
CD4bright cells as covariates for EFS, relapse, and
nonrelapse mortality. Recipients of larger numbers of
CD4bright cells had significantly lower EFS, a lower
incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), and an
increased incidence of relapse. Recipients of larger numbers of
CD34+ cells had improved EFS; recipients of fewer
CD34+ cells had delayed hematopoietic engraftment and
increased death from infections. In conclusion, the content of donor
CD4bright cells was associated with decreased cGVHD and
graft-versus-leukemia effects in recipients of allogeneic bone marrow
transplantation, consistent with a role for donor DCs in determining
immune responses after allogeneic BMT.

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