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Blood, 1 June 2001, Vol. 97, No. 11, pp. 3484-3490
IMMUNOBIOLOGY
Mast cells/basophils in the peripheral blood of allergic
individuals who are HIV-1 susceptible due to their
surface expression of CD4 and the chemokine
receptors CCR3, CCR5, and
CXCR4
Yong Li,
Lixin Li,
Robert Wadley,
Stephen W. Reddel,
Jian C. Qi,
Con Archis,
Andrew Collins,
Elizabeth Clark,
Margaret Cooley,
Steven Kouts,
Hassan M. Naif,
Mohammed Alali,
Anthony Cunningham,
Guang W. Wong,
Richard L. Stevens, and
Steven A. Krilis
From the Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, and
Immunology, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia;
Departments of Immunology, Allergy, and Infectious Disease, and
Respiratory Medicine, St George Hospital, Kogarah, New South Wales,
Australia; The Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead
Hospital, University of Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia; and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical
School, and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
A population of metachromatic cells with mast cell (MC) and
basophil features was identified recently in the peripheral blood of
patients with several allergic disorders. This study now shows that
these metachromatic cells express on their surface the high-affinity IgE receptor (Fc RI), CD4, and the chemokine receptors CCR3, CCR5, and CXCR4, but not the T-cell surface protein CD3 and the
monocyte/macrophage surface protein CD68. This population of
MCs/basophils can be maintained ex vivo for at least 2 weeks, and a
comparable population of cells can be generated in vitro from
nongranulated hematopoietic CD3 /CD4+/CD117 progenitors.
Both populations of MCs/basophils are susceptible to an M-tropic strain
of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1). Finally, many patients with
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome have HIV-1-infected MCs/basophils
in their peripheral blood. Although it is well known that HIV-1 can
infect CD4+ T cells and monocytes, this finding is the
first example of a human MC or basophil shown to be susceptible to the retrovirus.
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