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Blood, 1 February 2001, Vol. 97, No. 3, pp. 729-736

NEOPLASIA

Activated fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 is an oncogene that contributes to tumor progression in multiple myeloma

Marta Chesi, Leslie A. Brents, Sarah A. Ely, Carlos Bais, Davide F. Robbiani, Enrique A. Mesri, W. Michael Kuehl, and P. Leif Bergsagel

From the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Medical College of Cornell University; the Immunology Program, Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY; and the Genetics Department, Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.

The t(4;14) translocation occurs frequently in multiple myeloma (MM) and results in the simultaneous dysregulated expression of 2 potential oncogenes, FGFR3 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 3) from der(14) and multiple myeloma SET domain protein/Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate gene 1 from der(4). It is now shown that myeloma cells carrying a t(4;14) translocation express a functional FGFR3 that in some cases is constitutively activated by the same mutations that cause thanatophoric dysplasia. As with activating mutations of K-ras and N-ras, which are reported in approximately 40% of patients with MM, activating mutations of FGFR3 occur during tumor progression. However, the constitutive activation of ras and FGFR3 does not occur in the same myeloma cells. Thus the activated forms of these proteins appear to share an overlapping role in tumor progression, suggesting that they also share the signaling cascade. Consistent with this prediction, it is shown that activated FGFR3---when expressed at levels similar to those seen in t(4;14) myeloma---is an oncogene that acts through the MAP kinase pathway to transform NIH 3T3 cells, which can then generate tumors in nude mice. Thus, FGFR3, when overexpressed in MM, may be not only oncogenic when stimulated by FGF ligands in the bone marrow microenvironment, but is also a target for activating mutations that enable FGFR3 to play a ras-like role in tumor progression.

© 2001 by The American Society of Hematology.
 

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Related Letter in Blood Online:

The t(4;14)(p16.3;q32) is strongly associated with chromosome 13 abnormalities in both multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
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