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Blood, 1 February 2001, Vol. 97, No. 3, pp. 785-791

PHAGOCYTES

Flt-1, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1, is a novel cell surface marker for the lineage of monocyte-macrophages in humans

Asako Sawano, Shinobu Iwai, Yoshiko Sakurai, Mikito Ito, Kenya Shitara, Tatsutoshi Nakahata, and Masabumi Shibuya

From the Department of Genetics and Department of Clinical Oncology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, and Tokyo Research Laboratories, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co, Ltd, Japan.

Flt-1, also known as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR-1), is a high-affinity tyrosine kinase receptor for VEGF and is expressed almost exclusively on vascular endothelial cells. As an exception, Flt-1 transcript was recently found to be expressed in human peripheral blood monocytes. However, the protein of the Flt-1 receptor on the cell surface of monocytes is yet to be identified, and whether the Flt-1 protein is expressed during the differentiation of monocyte-macrophage lineage cells has not been examined. Using monoclonal antibodies against 2 different antigenic epitopes on the Flt-1 extracellular domain, this study found that the major population of the monocyte-marker CD97+ cells in human peripheral blood express Flt-1 as a cell surface molecule. VEGFR-2 (KDR/Flk-1) was not expressed at detectable levels in these cells. An Flt-1 neutralizing monoclonal antibody significantly suppressed VEGF-induced migration of the monocytes, suggesting an important role for Flt-1 in the biologic function of monocytes. Furthermore, CD34+ cells in human cord blood, originally negative for the Flt-1 expression, differentiated into Flt-1+ cells in association with the appearance of monocyte-macrophage markers after a 2-week culture in the presence of hematopoietic cytokines. In addition, the Flt-1+CD11b+ cell fraction from CD34+ cells was found to efficiently differentiate into multinuclear osteoclasts in the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor and osteoclast differentiation factor. These results strongly suggest that Flt-1 is a novel cell surface marker as well as a biologically functional molecule for monocyte-macrophage lineages in humans.

© 2001 by The American Society of Hematology.
 

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J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., September 1, 2004; 15(9): 2307 - 2319.
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J. Immunol.Home page
Z. F. Yang, R. T. Poon, Y. Luo, C. K. Cheung, D. W. Ho, C. M. Lo, and S. T. Fan
Up-Regulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in Small-for-Size Liver Grafts Enhances Macrophage Activities through VEGF Receptor 2-Dependent Pathway
J. Immunol., August 15, 2004; 173(4): 2507 - 2515.
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Mol Cancer ResHome page
J. M.L. Ebos, G. Bocci, S. Man, P. E. Thorpe, D. J. Hicklin, D. Zhou, X. Jia, and R. S. Kerbel
A Naturally Occurring Soluble Form of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 Detected in Mouse and Human Plasma
Mol. Cancer Res., June 1, 2004; 2(6): 315 - 326.
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DevelopmentHome page
K. Umeda, T. Heike, M. Yoshimoto, M. Shiota, H. Suemori, H. Y. Luo, D. H. K. Chui, R. Torii, M. Shibuya, N. Nakatsuji, et al.
Development of primitive and definitive hematopoiesis from nonhuman primate embryonic stem cells in vitro
Development, April 15, 2004; 131(8): 1869 - 1879.
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Clin. Cancer Res.Home page
J. Walter-Yohrling, S. Morgenbesser, C. Rouleau, R. Bagley, M. Callahan, W. Weber, and B. A. Teicher
Murine Endothelial Cell Lines as Models of Tumor Endothelial Cells
Clin. Cancer Res., March 15, 2004; 10(6): 2179 - 2189.
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IOVSHome page
T. Usui, S. Ishida, K. Yamashiro, Y. Kaji, V. Poulaki, J. Moore, T. Moore, S. Amano, Y. Horikawa, D. Dartt, et al.
VEGF164(165) as the Pathological Isoform: Differential Leukocyte and Endothelial Responses through VEGFR1 and VEGFR2
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., February 1, 2004; 45(2): 368 - 374.
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JCBHome page
B. Chazaud, C. Sonnet, P. Lafuste, G. Bassez, A.-C. Rimaniol, F. Poron, F.-J. Authier, P. A. Dreyfus, and R. K. Gherardi
Satellite cells attract monocytes and use macrophages as a support to escape apoptosis and enhance muscle growth
J. Cell Biol., December 8, 2003; 163(5): 1133 - 1143.
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Stem CellsHome page
H. Okuyama, M. Tsuneto, T. Yamane, H. Yamazaki, and S.-I. Hayashi
Discrete Types of Osteoclast Precursors Can Be Generated from Embryonic Stem Cells
Stem Cells, November 1, 2003; 21(6): 670 - 680.
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Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Bio.Home page
M.-A. Pascaud, F. Griscelli, W. Raoul, E. Marcos, P. Opolon, B. Raffestin, M. Perricaudet, S. Adnot, and S. Eddahibi
Lung Overexpression of Angiostatin Aggravates Pulmonary Hypertension in Chronically Hypoxic Mice
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., October 1, 2003; 29(4): 449 - 457.
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A. Orecchia, P. M. Lacal, C. Schietroma, V. Morea, G. Zambruno, and C. M. Failla
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 is deposited in the extracellular matrix by endothelial cells and is a ligand for the {alpha}5{beta}1 integrin
J. Cell Sci., September 1, 2003; 116(17): 3479 - 3489.
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BloodHome page
N. Perelman, S. K. Selvaraj, S. Batra, L. R. Luck, A. Erdreich-Epstein, T. D. Coates, V. K. Kalra, and P. Malik
Placenta growth factor activates monocytes and correlates with sickle cell disease severity
Blood, August 15, 2003; 102(4): 1506 - 1514.
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CirculationHome page
M. Sone, H. Itoh, J. Yamashita, T. Yurugi-Kobayashi, Y. Suzuki, Y. Kondo, A. Nonoguchi, N. Sawada, K. Yamahara, K. Miyashita, et al.
Different Differentiation Kinetics of Vascular Progenitor Cells in Primate and Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells
Circulation, April 29, 2003; 107(16): 2085 - 2088.
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BloodHome page
I. Casella, T. Feccia, C. Chelucci, P. Samoggia, G. Castelli, R. Guerriero, I. Parolini, E. Petrucci, E. Pelosi, O. Morsilli, et al.
Autocrine-paracrine VEGF loops potentiate the maturation of megakaryocytic precursors through Flt1 receptor
Blood, February 15, 2003; 101(4): 1316 - 1323.
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Cancer Res.Home page
R. E. Bachelder, M. A. Wendt, and A. M. Mercurio
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Promotes Breast Carcinoma Invasion in an Autocrine Manner by Regulating the Chemokine Receptor CXCR4
Cancer Res., December 15, 2002; 62(24): 7203 - 7206.
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J. Leukoc. Biol.Home page
D. A. Hume, I. L. Ross, S. R. Himes, R. T. Sasmono, C. A. Wells, and T. Ravasi
The mononuclear phagocyte system revisited
J. Leukoc. Biol., October 1, 2002; 72(4): 621 - 627.
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BloodHome page
D. Mason, P. Andre, A. Bensussan, C. Buckley, C. Civin, E. Clark, M. de Haas, S. Goyert, M. Hadam, D. Hart, et al.
CD antigens 2002
Blood, May 15, 2002; 99(10): 3877 - 3880.
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A. Adini, T. Kornaga, F. Firoozbakht, and L. E. Benjamin
Placental Growth Factor Is a Survival Factor for Tumor Endothelial Cells and Macrophages
Cancer Res., May 1, 2002; 62(10): 2749 - 2752.
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BloodHome page
K.-i. Minehata, Y.-s. Mukouyama, T. Sekiguchi, T. Hara, and A. Miyajima
Macrophage colony stimulating factor modulates the development of hematopoiesis by stimulating the differentiation of endothelial cells in the AGM region
Blood, April 1, 2002; 99(7): 2360 - 2368.
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BloodHome page
J. B. Kearney, C. A. Ambler, K.-A. Monaco, N. Johnson, R. G. Rapoport, and V. L. Bautch
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor Flt-1 negatively regulates developmental blood vessel formation by modulating endothelial cell division
Blood, April 1, 2002; 99(7): 2397 - 2407.
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D. Mason, P. Andre, A. Bensussan, C. Buckley, C. Civin, E. Clark, M. de Haas, S. Goyert, M. Hadam, D. Hart, et al.
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J. Leukoc. Biol., November 1, 2001; 70(5): 685 - 690.
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Stem CellsHome page
D. Mason, P. Andre, A. Bensussan, C. Buckley, C. Civin, E. Clark, M. de Haas, S. Goyert, M. Hadam, D. Hart, et al.
CD Antigens 2001: Aims and Results of HLDA Workshops
Stem Cells, November 1, 2001; 19(6): 556 - 562.
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ASH Education BookHome page
R. J. Klasa, A. F. List, and B. D. Cheson
Rational Approaches to Design of Therapeutics Targeting Molecular Markers
Hematology, January 1, 2001; 2001(1): 443 - 462.
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Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol.Home page
M. Papetti and I. M. Herman
Mechanisms of normal and tumor-derived angiogenesis
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, May 1, 2002; 282(5): C947 - C970.
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