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Blood, 15 April 2001, Vol. 97, No. 8, pp. 2197-2204
PLENARY PAPER
Identification of a blood-derived chemoattractant for neutrophils
and lymphocytes as a novel CC chemokine, Regakine-1
Sofie Struyf,
Paul Proost,
Jean-Pierre Lenaerts,
Griet Stoops,
Anja Wuyts, and
Jo Van
Damme
From the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega
Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Belgium.
Chemokines constitute a large family of chemotactic cytokines that
selectively attract different blood cell types. Although most
inflammatory chemoattractants are only induced and released in the
circulation during acute infection, a restricted number of CXC and CC
chemokines are constitutively present in normal plasma at high
concentrations. Here, such a chemotactic protein was purified to
homogeneity from serum and fully identified as a novel CC chemokine by
mass spectrometry and amino acid sequence analysis. The protein,
tentatively designated Regakine-1, shows less than 50% sequence
identity with any known chemokine. This novel CC chemokine
chemoattracts both neutrophils and lymphocytes but not monocytes or
eosinophils. Its modest chemotactic potency but high blood
concentration is similar to that of other chemokines present in the
circulation, such as hemofiltrate CC chemokine-1, platelet factor-4,
and  -thromboglobulin. Regakine-1 did not induce neutrophil
chemokinesis. However, it synergized with the CXC chemokines interleukin-8 and granulocyte chemotactic protein-2, and the CC chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein-3, resulting in an at least a
2-fold increase of the neutrophil and lymphocyte chemotactic response,
respectively. The biologic effects of homogeneous natural Regakine-1
were confirmed with chemically synthesized chemokine. Like other plasma
chemokines, it is expected that Regakine-1 plays a unique role in the
circulation during normal or pathologic conditions.
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