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Related Collections Immunobiology Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  Blood, 15 November 2001, Vol. 98, No. 10, pp. 3016-3021 IMMUNOBIOLOGY Reduced blood CD123+ (lymphoid) and CD11c+ (myeloid) dendritic cell numbers in primary HIV-1 infection Jérôme Pacanowski, Sandrine Kahi, Marjorie Baillet, Pierre Lebon, Christiane Deveau, Cécile Goujard, Laurence Meyer, Eric Oksenhendler, Martine Sinet, and Anne Hosmalin From Unité INSERM 445, Immunologie des pathologies infectieuses et tumorales, Département d'Immunologie, Institut Cochin de Génétique Moléculaire and Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital St-Vincent de Paul, Paris, France; Unité INSERM 292, PRIMO Cohort Study Group, Equipe INSERM E0109, Immunité antivirale systémique et cérébrale, and Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; and Service d'Immuno-Hématologie, Hôpital St Louis, Paris; France. Successful immunologic control of HIV infection is achieved only in rare individuals. Dendritic cells (DCs) are required for specific antigen presentation to naive T lymphocytes and for antiviral, type I interferon secretion. Two major blood DC populations are found: CD11c+ (myeloid) DCs, which secrete IL-12, and CD123+ (IL-3-receptor+) DCs (lymphoid), which secrete type I interferons in response to viral stimuli. The authors have previously found a decreased proportion of blood CD11c+ DCs in chronic HIV+ patients. In this study, 26 to 57 days after infection and before treatment, CD123+ and CD11c+ DC numbers were dramatically reduced in 13 HIV+ patients compared with 13 controls (P = .0002 and P = .001, respectively). After 6 to 12 months of highly active antiretroviral therapy, DC subpopulation average numbers remained low, but CD123+ DC numbers increased again in 5 of 13 patients. A strong correlation was found between this increase and CD4 T-cell count increase (P = .0009) and plasma viral load decrease (P = .009). Reduced DC numbers may participate in the functional impairment of HIV-specific CD4+ T cells and be responsible for the low type I interferon responsiveness already known in HIV infection. The restoration of DC numbers may be predictive of immune restoration and may be a goal for immunotherapy to enhance viral control in a larger proportion of patients. © 2001 by The American Society of Hematology.   CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: S. M. Hughes, B. Amadi, M. Mwiya, H. Nkamba, A. Tomkins, and D. Goldblatt Dendritic Cell Anergy Results from Endotoxemia in Severe Malnutrition J. Immunol., August 15, 2009; 183(4): 2818 - 2826. 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