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Blood, 15 December 2001, Vol. 98, No. 13, pp. 3708-3716
HEMOSTASIS, THROMBOSIS, AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
Rac, a small guanosine triphosphate-binding protein, and
p21-activated kinase are activated during platelet spreading on
collagen-coated surfaces: roles of integrin
2 1
Katsue Suzuki-Inoue,
Yutaka Yatomi,
Naoki Asazuma,
Mie Kainoh,
Toshiaki Tanaka,
Kaneo Satoh, and
Yukio Ozaki
From the Department of Clinical and Laboratory
Medicine, Yamanashi Medical University, Yamanashi, Japan; and
Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Toray Industries, Kanagawa,
Japan.
In this study, the receptors and signals involved in
collagen-induced platelet spreading were examined. It was found that platelet spreading on collagen (presenting a polygon shape with a
number of filopodialike projections) was inhibited by the
anti-integrin 2 antibody, suggesting the involvement of
integrin 2 1 in this process. Studies with
a glutathione-S-transferase fusion protein that binds
specifically to activated Rac and in vitro p21-activated kinase (PAK)
kinase assays revealed that Rac and PAK were activated during this
collagen-activated process. Platelet spreading on collagen-coated
surfaces was inhibited strongly by PP1 (a Src family kinase inhibitor)
or weakly by wortmannin (a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase [PI3-kinase]
inhibitor) but not at all by Y-27632 (a Rho kinase inhibitor). The
surfaces coated with anti-integrin 2 1
antibodies also induced platelet spreading (presenting an almost
complete round shape) and activation of Rac and PAK, although more
slowly than collagen-coated surfaces. The antibody-induced responses
were strongly inhibited by PP1 or wortmannin but not by Y-27632. The
same concentration of Y-27632 inhibited collagen-induced shape change
of platelets in suspension. These findings suggest that Rac and/or PAK
activation, but not Rho, may play certain roles in platelet spreading
via integrin 2 1 and that Src family kinases and PI3-kinase participate in these processes. Furthermore, the
difference between spreading on collagen and the anti-integrin antibody
suggests the involvement of other receptor(s) (in addition to the
integrin 2 1) for collagen-induced
spreading, the most likely candidate being glycoprotein VI.

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