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Blood, 15 May 2002, Vol. 99, No. 10, pp. 3554-3561
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS, INTERVENTIONS, AND THERAPEUTIC TRIALS
Therapeutic role of alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) in patients who have
failed fludarabine: results of a large international study
Michael J. Keating,
Ian Flinn,
Vinay Jain,
Jacques-Louis Binet,
Peter Hillmen,
John Byrd,
Maher Albitar,
Lee Brettman,
Pedro Santabarbara,
Bret Wacker, and
Kanti R. Rai
From the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston,
TX; Johns Hopkins Institute, Baltimore, MD; Texas Oncology P.A.,
Austin, TX; Hôpital Pitié Salpetrière, Paris,
France; Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom; Ohio State
University, Columbus; Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA; Ilex
Oncology, San Antonio, TX; and Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New
Hyde Park, NY.
This study investigated the efficacy, safety, and clinical
benefit of alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) for patients with relapsed or
refractory B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia exposed to alkylating agents and having failed fludarabine therapy. Ninety-three patients received alemtuzumab in 21 centers worldwide, with the aim to obtain an
overall response rate of at least 20%. Dosage was increased gradually
(target 30 mg, 3 times weekly, for a maximum of 12 weeks). Infection
prophylaxis was mandatory, beginning on day 8, and continuing for a
minimum of 2 months after treatment. Responses were assessed at weeks
4, 8, and 12, and patients were followed for 34 months. Overall
objective response in the intent-to-treat population (n = 93) was
33% (CR 2%, PR 31%). Median time to response was 1.5 months (range,
0.4-3.7 months). Median time to progression was 4.7 months overall, 9.5 months for responders. At data cut-off, 27 patients (29%) were alive;
overall median survival was 16 months (95% CI: 11.8-21.9) and
32 months for responders. Nineteen responders survived more than 21 months. Clinical benefit was observed both in responders and in
patients with stable disease. The most common adverse events were
related to infusion, generally grade 1 or 2 in severity, occurring
mainly in the first week. Grade 3 or 4 infections were reported in 25 patients (26.9%). However, only 3 (9.7%) of 31 patients who responded
to alemtuzumab treatment developed grade 3 or 4 infections on the
study. Alemtuzumab induced significant responses in these patients with
clinical benefit in the majority and with acceptable toxicity in a
high-risk group.

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I. M. Ghobrial, L. A. Otteman, W. L. White, D. A. Rizzieri, S. Weitman, and D. M. Vaughn
An EBV-Positive Lymphoproliferative Disorder after Therapy with Alemtuzumab
N. Engl. J. Med.,
December 25, 2003;
349(26):
2570 - 2572.
[Full Text]
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M. Coleman, D. M. Goldenberg, A. B. Siegel, J. C. Ketas, M. Ashe, J. M. Fiore, and J. P. Leonard
Epratuzumab: Targeting B-Cell Malignancies through CD22
Clin. Cancer Res.,
September 1, 2003;
9(10):
3991S - 3994.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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W. J. M. Mackus, F. N. J. Frakking, A. Grummels, L. E. Gamadia, G. J. de Bree, D. Hamann, R. A. W. van Lier, and M. H. J. van Oers
Expansion of CMV-specific CD8+CD45RA+CD27- T cells in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Blood,
August 1, 2003;
102(3):
1057 - 1063.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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S. Kumar, T. K. Kimlinger, J. A. Lust, K. Donovan, and T. E. Witzig
Expression of CD52 on plasma cells in plasma cell proliferative disorders
Blood,
August 1, 2003;
102(3):
1075 - 1077.
[Abstract]
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J. Lundin, H. Hagberg, R. Repp, E. Cavallin-Stahl, S. Freden, G. Juliusson, E. Rosenblad, G. Tjonnfjord, T. Wiklund, and A. Osterborg
Phase 2 study of alemtuzumab (anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody) in patients with advanced mycosis fungoides/Sezary syndrome
Blood,
June 1, 2003;
101(11):
4267 - 4272.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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J. C. Byrd, D. M. Lucas, A. P. Mone, J. B. Kitner, J. J. Drabick, and M. R. Grever
KRN5500: a novel therapeutic agent with in vitro activity against human B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells mediates cytotoxicity via the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis
Blood,
June 1, 2003;
101(11):
4547 - 4550.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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B. Mavromatis and B. D. Cheson
Monoclonal Antibody Therapy of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
J. Clin. Oncol.,
May 1, 2003;
21(9):
1874 - 1881.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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S. Faderl, D. A. Thomas, S. O'Brien, G. Garcia-Manero, H. M. Kantarjian, F. J. Giles, C. Koller, A. Ferrajoli, S. Verstovsek, B. Pro, et al.
Experience with alemtuzumab plus rituximab in patients with relapsed and refractory lymphoid malignancies
Blood,
May 1, 2003;
101(9):
3413 - 3415.
[Abstract]
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M. A. Weiss, P. G. Maslak, J. G. Jurcic, D. A. Scheinberg, T. B. Aliff, N. Lamanna, S. R. Frankel, S. E. Kossman, and D. Horgan
Pentostatin and Cyclophosphamide: An Effective New Regimen in Previously Treated Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
J. Clin. Oncol.,
April 1, 2003;
21(7):
1278 - 1284.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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K. E. Herbert, H. M. Prince, and D. A. Westerman
Pure red-cell aplasia due to parvovirus B19 infection in a patient treated with alemtuzumab
Blood,
February 15, 2003;
101(4):
1654 - 1654.
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M. J. Keating, N. Chiorazzi, B. Messmer, R. N. Damle, S. L. Allen, K. R. Rai, M. Ferrarini, and T. J. Kipps
Biology and Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Hematology,
January 1, 2003;
2003(1):
153 - 175.
[Abstract]
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S. N. O'Brien, N. M.A. Blijlevens, T. H. Mahfouz, and E. J. Anaissie
Infections in Patients with Hematological Cancer: Recent Developments
Hematology,
January 1, 2003;
2003(1):
438 - 472.
[Abstract]
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K. R. Rai, C. E. Freter, R. J. Mercier, M. R. Cooper, B. S. Mitchell, E. A. Stadtmauer, P. Santabarbara, B. Wacker, and L. Brettman
Alemtuzumab in Previously Treated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients Who Also Had Received Fludarabine
J. Clin. Oncol.,
September 15, 2002;
20(18):
3891 - 3897.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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S. Stilgenbauer and H. Dohner
Campath-1H-Induced Complete Remission of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia despite p53 Gene Mutation and Resistance to Chemotherapy
N. Engl. J. Med.,
August 8, 2002;
347(6):
452 - 453.
[Full Text]
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