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Blood, 15 May 2002, Vol. 99, No. 10, pp. 3585-3596
HEMOSTASIS, THROMBOSIS, AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
Factor XII interacts with the multiprotein assembly of urokinase
plasminogen activator receptor, gC1qR, and cytokeratin 1 on endothelial
cell membranes
Fakhri Mahdi,
Zia Shariat Madar,
Carlos D. Figueroa, and
Alvin H. Schmaier
From the Departments of Internal Medicine and
Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; and the Institute of
Histology and Pathology, Austral University, Valdivia, Chile.
Investigations were performed to define the factor XII (FXII)
binding site(s) on cultured endothelial cells (HUVECs). Biotin- or
fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-FXII in the presence of 10 µM
Zn2+ specifically binds to HUVEC monolayers or cells in
suspension. Collagen-stimulated platelets release sufficient
Zn2+ to support FXII binding. On laser scanning confocal
microscopy or electron microscopy, FITC-FXII or Nanogold-labeled FXII,
respectively, specifically bind to HUVECs. Antibodies to gC1qR,
urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and, to a lesser
extent, cytokeratin 1 (CK1) block FXII binding to HUVECs as determined
by flow cytometry and soluble or solid phase binding assays. FITC-FXII
on endothelial cells colocalizes with gC1qR, uPAR and, to a lesser
extent, CK1 antigen. Combined recombinant soluble uPAR and CK1 inhibit
80% FITC-FXII binding to HUVECs. Peptide Y(39)HKCTHKGR(47) (YHK9) from
the N-terminal region of FXII and peptide
H(479)KHGHGHGKHKNKGKKNGKH(498) from HK's domain 5 cell-binding site
block FITC-FXII binding to HUVECs. Peptide YHK9 also inhibits FXIIa's
activation of prekallikrein and FXI on HUVECs. These combined
investigations indicate that FXII through a region on its fibronectin
type II domain binds to the same multiprotein receptor complex that
comprises the HK binding site of HUVECs. However, plasma concentrations
of HK and vitronectin inhibit FXII binding to HUVECs 100% and 50%,
respectively, and plasma albumin and other proteins prevent a
sufficient level of free Zn2+ to be available to support
FXII binding to HUVECs. Thus, physiologic FXII expression on HUVECs is
secondary to HK binding and highly restricted in its ability to
initiate prekallikrein or FXI activation.

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