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Blood, 1 February 2002, Vol. 99, No. 3, pp. 1060-1063
RED CELLS
Contribution of parasite proteins to altered mechanical
properties of malaria-infected red blood cells
Fiona K. Glenister,
Ross L. Coppel,
Alan F. Cowman,
Narla Mohandas, and
Brian M. Cooke
From the Department of Microbiology, Monash University,
Clayton, Victoria, Australia; The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of
Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and the Life Sciences
Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, CA.
Red blood cells (RBCs) parasitized by Plasmodium
falciparum are rigid and poorly deformable and show abnormal
circulatory behavior. During parasite development, knob-associated
histidine-rich protein (KAHRP) and P falciparum erythrocyte
membrane protein 3 (PfEMP3) are exported from the parasite and interact
with the RBC membrane skeleton. Using micropipette aspiration, the
membrane shear elastic modulus of RBCs infected with transgenic
parasites (with kahrp or pfemp3 genes deleted)
was measured to determine the contribution of these proteins to the
increased rigidity of parasitized RBCs (PRBCs). In the absence of
either protein, the level of membrane rigidification was significantly
less than that caused by the normal parental parasite clone. KAHRP had
a significantly greater effect on rigidification than PfEMP3,
contributing approximately 51% of the overall increase that occurs in
PRBCs compared to 15% for PfEMP3. This study provides the first
quantitative information on the contribution of specific parasite
proteins to altered mechanical properties of PRBCs.
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