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Blood, 1 February 2002, Vol. 99, No. 3, pp. 863-871
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS, INTERVENTIONS, AND THERAPEUTIC TRIALS
Treatment of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL): long-term
follow-up of the GIMEMA ALL 0288 randomized study
Luciana Annino,
Maria Luce Vegna,
Andrea Camera,
Giorgina Specchia,
Giuseppe Visani,
Giuseppe Fioritoni,
Felicetto Ferrara,
Antonio Peta,
Stefania Ciolli,
Wilma Deplano,
Francesco Fabbiano,
Simona Sica,
Francesco Di Raimondo,
Nicola Cascavilla,
Antonio Tabilio,
Pietro Leoni,
Rosangela Invernizzi,
Michele Baccarani,
Bruno Rotoli,
Sergio Amadori, and
Franco Mandelli for the GIMEMA
Group
From the GIMEMA Group, Rome, Italy. A list of the
participating institutions and responsible individuals appears in the
appendix.
The GIMEMA ALL 0288 trial was designed to evaluate the impact of a
7-day prednisone (PDN) pretreatment on complete remission (CR)
achievement and length, the influence of the addition of cyclophosphamide (random I) to a conventional 4-drug induction on CR
rate and duration, and whether an early post-CR intensification (random
II) by an 8-drug consolidation could improve CR duration. Median
follow-up of this study was 7.3 years. From January 1988 to April 1994, among 794 adult (> 12 but < 60 years) patients registered, 778 were
eligible. Their median age was 27.5 years; 73% had B-lineage acute
lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 22% had T-lineage disease; 18%
showed associated myeloid markers; 47 of 216 analyzed patients (22%)
had Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL. Response to PDN pretreatment
was observed in 65% of cases. CR was achieved in 627 patients (82%).
Resistant patients and induction death rates were 11% and 7%,
respectively. Random II was applied to 388 patients with CR; 201 had
maintenance alone and 187 had consolidation followed by maintenance.
The relapse rate was 60%; isolated central nervous system relapses
were 8% of all CRs and 13% of all relapses. Median survival (overall
survival [OS]), continuous complete remission (CCR), and disease-free
survival (DFS) were 2.2, 2.4, and 2 years, respectively. PDN
pretreatment response resulted the main independent factor influencing
CR achievement, OS, CCR, and DFS; the addition of cyclophosphamide in
induction significantly influenced CR achievement in a multivariate
analysis. Neither induction intensification nor early consolidation
appeared to influence CCR and DFS duration. For the first time PDN
pretreatment response proved to be a powerful factor predicting disease
outcome in adult ALL patients.

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