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Blood, 1 April 2002, Vol. 99, No. 7, pp. 2599-2602

BRIEF REPORT

Development of pancytopenia with neutralizing antibodies to thrombopoietin after multicycle chemotherapy supported by megakaryocyte growth and development factor

Russell L. Basser, Elizabeth O'Flaherty, Michael Green, Maria Edmonds, Janet Nichol, Dora M. Menchaca, Brian Cohen, and C. Glenn Begley

From the Centre for Developmental Cancer Therapeutics, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology, Rotary Bone Marrow Research Laboratories, Royal Melbourne Hospital; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research; Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology, Western Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Amgen Australia, Kew; and Amgen, Thousand Oaks, CA.

Clinical trials of thrombopoietin (TPO), the central regulator of megakaryocytopoiesis, have revealed few side effects associated with its use. We here report a case of pancytopenia associated with the development of neutralizing antibodies to TPO that occurred in a patient who had undergone multicycle chemotherapy with multiple cycles of subcutaneous administration of pegylated recombinant human megakaryocyte growth and development factor. Samples of the patient's bone marrow showed trilineage hypoplasia with absence of myeloid, erythroid, and megakaryocyte progenitor cells but with elevated endogenous levels of erythropoietin, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and stem-cell factor. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an aplastic anemia-like syndrome associated with neutralizing antibodies to TPO.

© 2002 by The American Society of Hematology.
 

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