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Blood, 1 April 2002, Vol. 99, No. 7, pp. 2599-2602
BRIEF REPORT
Development of pancytopenia with neutralizing antibodies to
thrombopoietin after multicycle chemotherapy supported by megakaryocyte
growth and development factor
Russell L. Basser,
Elizabeth O'Flaherty,
Michael Green,
Maria Edmonds,
Janet Nichol,
Dora M. Menchaca,
Brian Cohen, and
C. Glenn Begley
From the Centre for Developmental Cancer Therapeutics,
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Haematology and
Medical Oncology, Rotary Bone Marrow Research Laboratories, Royal
Melbourne Hospital; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical
Research; Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology, Western
Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Amgen Australia, Kew; and
Amgen, Thousand Oaks, CA.
Clinical trials of thrombopoietin (TPO), the central regulator of
megakaryocytopoiesis, have revealed few side effects associated with
its use. We here report a case of pancytopenia associated with the
development of neutralizing antibodies to TPO that occurred in a
patient who had undergone multicycle chemotherapy with multiple cycles
of subcutaneous administration of pegylated recombinant human
megakaryocyte growth and development factor. Samples of the patient's
bone marrow showed trilineage hypoplasia with absence of myeloid,
erythroid, and megakaryocyte progenitor cells but with elevated
endogenous levels of erythropoietin, granulocyte colony-stimulating
factor, and stem-cell factor. To our knowledge, this is the first
report of an aplastic anemia-like syndrome associated with
neutralizing antibodies to TPO.

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