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Related Collections Immunobiology Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  Blood, 1 May 2002, Vol. 99, No. 9, pp. 3263-3271 IMMUNOBIOLOGY Type I interferons produced by dendritic cells promote their phenotypic and functional activation Maria Montoya, Giovanna Schiavoni, Fabrizio Mattei, Ion Gresser, Filippo Belardelli, Persephone Borrow, and David F. Tough From the Edward Jenner Institute for Vaccine Research, Compton, Newbury, Berkshire, United Kingdom; Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; and INSERM U255-Institut Curie, Paris, France. Resting dendritic cells (DCs) are resident in most tissues and can be activated by environmental stimuli to mature into potent antigen-presenting cells. One important stimulus for DC activation is infection; DCs can be triggered through receptors that recognize microbial components directly or by contact with infection-induced cytokines. We show here that murine DCs undergo phenotypic maturation upon exposure to type I interferons (type I IFNs) in vivo or in vitro. Moreover, DCs either derived from bone marrow cells in vitro or isolated from the spleens of normal animals express IFN- and IFN-, suggesting that type I IFNs can act in an autocrine manner to activate DCs. Consistent with this idea, the ability to respond to type I IFN was required for the generation of fully activated DCs from bone marrow precursors, as DCs derived from the bone marrow of mice lacking a functional receptor for type I IFN had reduced expression of costimulatory and adhesion molecules and a diminished ability to stimulate naive T-cell proliferation compared with DCs derived from control bone marrow. Furthermore, the addition of neutralizing anti-IFN-/ antibody to purified splenic DCs in vitro partially blocked the "spontaneous" activation of these cells, inhibiting the up-regulation of costimulatory molecules, secretion of IFN-, and T-cell stimulatory activity. These results show that DCs both secrete and respond to type I IFN, identifying type I interferons as autocrine DC activators. © 2002 by The American Society of Hematology.   CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: N. Zietara, M. Lyszkiewicz, N. Gekara, J. Puchalka, V. A. P. M. Dos Santos, C. R. Hunt, T. K. Pandita, S. Lienenklaus, and S. Weiss Absence of IFN-{beta} Impairs Antigen Presentation Capacity of Splenic Dendritic Cells via Down-Regulation of Heat Shock Protein 70 J. Immunol., July 15, 2009; 183(2): 1099 - 1109. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] M. P. Longhi, C. Trumpfheller, J. Idoyaga, M. Caskey, I. Matos, C. Kluger, A. M. 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