|
|
 Previous Article | Table of Contents | Next Article 
Blood, Vol. 94 No. 10 (November 15), 1999:
pp. 3325-3333
Long-Term Follow-Up of Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation in
Patients With Relapsed Follicular Lymphoma
By
Arnold S. Freedman,
Donna Neuberg,
Peter Mauch,
Robert J. Soiffer,
Kenneth C. Anderson,
David C. Fisher,
Robert Schlossman,
Edwin P. Alyea,
Tak Takvorian,
Haddy Jallow,
Caroline Kuhlman,
Jerome Ritz,
Lee M. Nadler, and
John G. Gribben
From the Department of Adult Oncology and Biostatistics, Dana-Farber
Cancer Institute, the Department of Radiation Therapy, Brigham and
Women's Hospital, and the Departments of Medicine and Radiation
Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
 |
ABSTRACT |
We report the results of high-dose chemoradiotherapy and
anti-B-cell monoclonal antibody-purged autologous bone marrow
transplantation (ABMT) in patients with relapsed indolent follicular
lymphoma. Between March 1985 and May 1995, 153 patients underwent ABMT
using a uniform ablative regimen with cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation and bone marrow (BM) purging. All patients received multiple chemotherapy regimens before ABMT. At BM harvest, only 30% of
patients were in complete remission, and overt BM infiltration was
present in 47%. The disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival
(OS) are estimated to be 42% and 66% at 8 years,
respectively. Patients whose BM was negative by polymerase chain
reaction (PCR) for bcl2/IgH rearrangement after purging experienced
longer freedom from recurrence than those whose BM remained PCR
positive (P < .0001). Continued PCR negativity in follow-up
BM samples was also strongly predictive of continued complete remission
(CR). The 12-year survival from diagnosis for these 153 patients is 69%. Considering that the median survival from diagnosis
and first recurrence of patients with advanced follicular lymphoma are
8 and 5 years, respectively, our results provide evidence that
myeloablative therapy and ABMT may prolong overall survival.
© 1999 by The American Society of Hematology.
| |
INTRODUCTION |
PATIENTS WITH LOW-GRADE follicular
non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) are not cured with conventional
treatment.1 Although the median survival for these patients
is 8 to 10 years, the disease-free survival (DFS) for previously
untreated patients receiving conventional therapy is generally between
18 and 36 months.1-4 After relapse, the duration of
remission with each subsequent treatment becomes progressively shorter.
In contrast to more aggressive histologies in which most relapses are
within 2 years of completing initial treatment a significant number of
follicular lymphoma patients will recur beyond 3 years. Therefore, long
follow-up is critical to assessing the impact of treatment on remission
duration and survival in these diseases.
The rationale for the use of high-dose ablative therapy in follicular
lymphoma is based on the fact that relapsed patients can continue to
respond to further conventional treatment and salvage regimens.
However, a continuous rate of relapse continues to be observed with
salvage regimens. As had been previously demonstrated for
relapsed/refractory NHLs, resistant disease could be overcome with
high-dose therapy, followed by allogeneic and autologous hematopoietic
stem cell transplantation.5-7 This approach is being
applied more frequently in patients with relapsed low-grade NHL,
despite uncertain efficacy.7-15 One problem with these
studies is that the length of follow-up has been relatively short
considering the long natural history of these diseases. An alternative
to clinical assessment of remission status may be molecular studies of
minimal residual disease. After autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) in patients with follicular lymphoma, the detection of minimal
residual disease by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been shown to
be a useful surrogate marker for relapse and may help obviate the need
for extended follow-up in a disease in which late relapses are
common.12,16-19
In the present study, we report the results in 153 patients with
relapsed follicular NHL who underwent high-dose chemoradiotherapy and
anti-B-cell monoclonal antibody (MoAb)-purged ABMT between 1985 and
1995. In the results to be reported below, we demonstrate that the DFS
and overall survival (OS) are 42% and 66% at 8 years, respectively. Furthermore, the 12-year survival from diagnosis for
these patients is 69%. These results suggest that a significant fraction of these patients with follicular NHL experience prolonged DFS
and OS.
| |
MATERIALS AND METHODS |
Selection of patients and treatment protocol.
Patients were eligible for this study if they were less than 65 years
of age, had follicular small cleaved cell or follicular mixed NHL as
defined by the International Working Formulation (WF B or C) or
follicular center cell lymphoma grade I or II in the REAL
classification, and had relapsed after standard chemotherapeutic regimens.20,21 Patient's lymphoma cells had to express the CD20 (B1) antigen as previously described.22 In addition,
patients with sensitive disease but who had failed to enter complete
remission after more than 1 standard chemotherapeutic regimen were
eligible. Minimal disease status was defined as lymph nodal mass less
than 2 cm in its greatest diameter and histologic evidence of bone marrow (BM) involvement of 20% or less of the intratrabecular space as
determined by iliac crest biopsy. Patients with 1 to 3 masses greater
than 2 cm could receive 3,000 cGy of involved field radiation therapy.
Additional criteria for entry included the absence of comorbid disease
of the heart, kidney, lung, and liver and a Karnofsky score greater
than 80%. Informed consent was obtained from all
patients.9,22
Preparative therapy consisted of cyclophosphamide at 60 mg/kg of body
weight, infused on each of 2 consecutive days before radiotherapy.
Total body irradiation (TBI) was administered in fractionated doses
(200 cGy) twice daily on 3 consecutive days (total of 1,200 cGy) in 144 patients; 9 patients received 1,400 cGy. Supportive care was provided
as previously described.12
Collection, processing, and infusion of marrow.
BM was obtained, treated in vitro as previously described, and stored
within 4 weeks of its use in transplantation in all patients except 1. No patients were excluded from the protocol after BM harvest. The BM
cells from 18 patients were treated with anti-B1 (CD20). The BM cells
from 135 patients were treated with more than 1 MoAb, including 101 with anti-B1, anti-B5, and J5 (anti-CD10); 29 with anti-B1, anti-B4
(CD19), anti-B5, and J5 (anti-CD10); and 5 with combinations of anti-B1
with either anti-B5, J5, or J2 (anti-CD9), depending on the tumor cell
phenotype (2 with anti-B1, anti-B5, and J2; 3 with anti-B1 and J5), as
previously described.9,12,22 Eleven of these patients with
 20% BM involvement had their BM mononuclear cells treated with
multiple MoAbs between 1986 and 1988. After 1988, all patients' BM
mononuclear cells were treated with anti-B1, anti-B5, and J5. After
treatment, the cells were cryopreserved as previously
described.12 Within 18 hours of the completion of
radiotherapy, the cryopreserved marrow cells were rapidly thawed and
diluted in medium containing DNAase as previously
described.12
PCR analysis.
Nested PCR amplification at the major breakpoint region (MBR) and minor
cluster region (mcr) of the bcl-2/IgH rearrangement of t(14;18) were
performed as previously described.23 Analysis was performed
initially on diagnostic material (lymph node biopsy, or BM aspirate if
histologically involved). Samples were analyzed at the time of BM
harvest. Assessment was also performed after ex vivo marrow purging.
Serial BM samples at the time of restaging after ABMT were also analyzed.
Evaluation and statistical methods.
Failure was defined as relapse of disease or death in remission. DFS
was calculated from the day of marrow transplantation (day 0) to the
date of failure or to the date that the patient was last known to be
alive and disease-free. Freedom from relapse (FFR) was calculated from
the day of marrow transplantation to the date of relapse; deaths in
remission were considered censored for this analysis. DFS curves and
FFR curves were estimated by the method of Kaplan and Meier, with
confidence intervals calculated using Greenwood's formula, and
compared by the log rank test.24,25 The Cox proportional
hazards model was used to assess prognostic factors for DFS and to
build multiple regression models. Comparison of the clinical
characteristics of those patients who were PCR+ or
PCR after purging was performed with the Fisher
exact test, and the criterion for statistical significance (.05) was
not adjusted for multiple comparisons. Comparisons of patient age in
this analysis used the Wilcoxon rank sum test.
| |
RESULTS |
Patient characteristics.
One hundred fifty-three consecutive patients (median age, 43 years)
with follicular NHL in sensitive relapse or incomplete first remission
underwent ABMT between March 1985 and May 1995. Before ABMT, 120 of the
patients had follicular small cleaved cell (FSC) and 33 had follicular
mixed (FM) histology. The characteristics of the 153 patients who
underwent ABMT are detailed in Table 1. At
diagnosis, 102 patients (67%) had stage IV disease, largely by virtue
of BM involvement. At some time before consideration for ABMT,
extranodal sites of involvement, exclusive of the marrow, including
skin, peripheral blood, gastrointestinal tract, as well as pleural and
peritoneal fluid, were present in 35% of patients.
Prior therapy.
All patients had previously received combination chemotherapy. The
median number of regimens with which patients were treated was 3 (range, 2 to 7). At some time in their history, including before ABMT,
27% of patients received involved field radiotherapy and 1 patient had
been previously treated with TBI (150 cGy). A complete remission
(CR) at anytime during their disease course, including the
time of BM harvest, was documented in only 78 (51%) of the patients.
At BM harvest, only 46 (30%) of the patients were in CR. Moreover, of
the 107 patients in partial remission (PR) at harvest, 72 had residual BM involvement. These results suggest that these patients
who proceeded to ABMT did not have exquisitely sensitive and/or minimal
amounts of disease.
Treatment outcome.
Of the 153 patients treated, only 1 early treatment related death due
to venoocclusive disease was seen (day 20). An additional patient died
of chronic liver disease without evidence of lymphoma at 46 months. Of
the remaining 151 patients, as of September 1998 there have been 63 relapses. Seventy-nine patients remain alive and in CR with a median
follow-up of 61 months (range, 24 to 156 months). The Kaplan-Meier
estimate of the percentage of patients alive and disease-free after
ABMT is 42% (90% confidence interval [CI], 30% to 51%) at 8 years
(Fig 1A). The estimate of the OS at 8 years
is 66% (90% CI, 57% to 74%; Fig 1B). The survival from diagnosis
for the entire group of patients is 69% at 12 years (90% CI, 61% to
76%; Fig 2).
View larger version (20K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]
| Fig 1.
Kaplan-Meier estimate of probability of DFS (A) and OS
(B) for 153 patients with indolent follicular lymphoma after ABMT.
|
|
View larger version (10K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]
| Fig 2.
Kaplan-Meier estimate of probability of OS after ABMT
from diagnosis for 153 patients with indolent follicular lymphoma.
|
|
Of the 63 patients who relapsed, the overwhelming majority relapsed in
sites of prior disease (Table 2). Entirely
new sites of disease were observed in only 11 patients, and in 4 of
these patients, new sites were the only sites of relapse. Nineteen of the 63 relapses involved the marrow, and 14 of these 19 patients had
marrow involvement at the time of harvest. After relapse, 34 of 63 patients are alive at a median follow-up of 80 months post-ABMT.
Second malignancies.
After ABMT, second malignancies have developed in 18 patients. These
include solid tumors in 5 patients, involving testis prostate, lung
(small cell), breast (ductal carcinoma in situ), and melanoma. Four of
these patients remain alive and in remission from both follicular
lymphoma and the second solid tumor. The patient with small cell lung
cancer died 1 month after diagnosis, with no evidence of recurrent NHL
at autopsy. One patient developed acute lymphoblastic leukemia
(ALL) 28 months post-ABMT and remains in remission from
both ALL and NHL. Twelve patients have developed myelodysplastic
syndrome (MDS) with 1 evolving into acute myeloid leukemia
(AML) from 9 to 64 months post-ABMT. Ten of these patients have died, and 6 patients had no evidence of recurrent lymphoma. Four
of these 10 patients died after allogeneic BMT (alloBMT). Of the
remaining 2 patients who are alive after the development of
MDS, both have relapsed NHL as well.
PCR analysis after ABMT.
PCR analysis of the MBR and mcr of the bcl-2/IgH rearrangement was
performed on diagnostic samples obtained from 150 patients. In the
remaining 3 patients, no diagnostic material was available for
analysis. In the majority of patients, PCR was performed on BM aspirate
obtained at the time of documented evidence of histologic infiltration
of the BM. In cases in which no diagnostic BM sample was available, PCR
was performed on DNA isolated from diagnostic lymph node biopsy. A
bcl-2/IgH rearrangement could be PCR amplified in 116 patients. In 88 cases (76%), the breakpoint was at the MBR, and in 27 cases (23%),
the breakpoint was at the mcr. One patient had markers indicating
breakpoints at both the MBR and the mcr. These 116 patients were deemed
informative for subsequent assessment of the clinical significance of
PCR detectable disease at the time of and after ABMT. In the remaining
34 cases, DNA isolated from diagnostic tissue yielded no PCR product at
the MBR or mcr. These cases therefore represent those patients in whom
there was no t(14;18) or in whom the t(14;18) could not be amplified
using this strategy.
BM samples were available from the BM harvest and post-immunologic
purging in 113 of the informative patients. PCR detected residual
disease at the time of BM harvest in all informative patients. After
immunologic purging, PCR analysis showed no detectable disease in 48 of
these patients (42%), whereas in the remaining 65 patients (58%),
there was persistence of PCR-detectable disease after purging. We
contrasted patient characteristics among those patients who were
positive and negative after purging. There were no differences in
stage, B symptoms, gender, masses greater than 10 cm, histology,
histologic BM involvement at harvest, or remission status at harvest
(CR v PR) between those patients who purged negative and those
who did not.
The effect of marrow purging was examined in the 113 informative
patients. Among the 48 patients who were PCR after
purging, there have been 6 relapses. In contrast, there have been 49 relapses among the 65 patients who were PCR+ after purging.
The 8-year FFR for the PCR patients is 83%, whereas
the FFR for the patients who were PCR+ after lysis is 19%
(P = .0001; Fig 3).
View larger version (14K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]
| Fig 3.
Kaplan-Meier estimate of FFR after ABMT for 113 informative patients who were either PCR or
PCR+ after ex vivo purging.
|
|
We analyzed time to relapse for those patients whose BM was purged with
anti-B1 only (18 patients), compared with the remaining patients whose
BM was purged with more than 1 antibody (2 with 2 antibodies, 104 with
3 antibodies, and 29 with 4 antibodies). We have found no difference in
freedom from relapse between these groups (P = .33 by the log
rank test).
After ABMT, BM samples were obtained at 6-month intervals for 2 years
and yearly thereafter for 101 of the 116 informative patients. In 2 informative patients, no samples were available either after lysis or
after ABMT, and in 13 informative patients, no BM samples were
submitted after ABMT. The results obtained on samples that were
available for PCR analysis are shown in
Fig 4. As previously
described,12 3 patterns of results are seen. In 47 patients
(47%), no BM samples analyzed had evidence of PCR-detectable lymphoma
at any time point after ABMT (Fig 4A). It is noteworthy that in only 8 of these 47 patients were PCR-detectable lymphoma cells detectable
after immunologic purging. Only 5 of these 46 patients have relapsed to
date. PCR-detectable minimal residual disease was detected in every BM
sample obtained after ABMT in 39 patients (39%), 36 of whom were
infused with autologous BM that contained residual PCR-detectable
lymphoma (Fig 4B). Thirty-six of these 39 patients have relapsed to
date. The remaining 15 patients (15%) had different results obtained
at different time points after ABMT (Fig 4C). PCR-detectable disease
was observed at some, but not all time points after BMT. Of these, 9 were positive early after ABMT and became consistently negative and 6 remain with mixed results.
View larger version (76K):
[in this window]
[in a new window]
| Fig 4.
PCR analysis of BM samples before and after BM purging
(left) and after ABMT (right) in 101 informative patients with
t(14;18). Patients were grouped according to follow-up BM PCR results.
(A) Patients in whom all post-ABMT follow-up BM samples were
PCR. (B) Patients in whom all post-ABMT follow-up BM
samples were PCR+.
(C) Patients in whom all post-ABMT follow-up BM
samples were both PCR+ and PCR. ( )
PCR+ results; ( ) PCR
results; ( ) relapse. Solid lines indicate continuous
PCR+ results and shaded lines indicate continuously
PCR results.
|
|
Prognostic models.
In an attempt to identify prognostic variables for these patients, a
number of factors available before and at ABMT were examined in a
univariate comparison of DFS using the log rank test. These variables
included age, sex, stage (I, II, III, v IV),
follicular small cleaved versus follicular mixed histologies, B
symptoms, extranodal (extramedullary) disease, mass greater than 10 cm, interval from diagnosis to harvest, histologic BM involvement at
harvest, remission status at harvest (CR v PR), and postlysis PCR positivity. The only parameter that was associated with unfavorable FFR in univariate analysis was postlysis PCR positivity (P < .0001). When post-ABMT PCR positivity of the BM was considered, this
was also strongly associated with unfavorable FFR (P < .0001). No other factors were associated with FFR at the .05 significance level.
A stepwise proportional hazards regression was performed to identify
factors that affected FFR in the 113 informative patients with
postlysis BM samples available. PCR positivity after purging was the
strongest factor in the multiple regression model, increasing the risk
of failure to 11.7 times that of patients who were
PCR after lysis. Other clinical factors associated
with a poor prognosis include B symptoms (2.1 times) and histologic
involvement of the marrow at harvest (1.8 times).
| |
DISCUSSION |
In this report, we present the results of high-dose chemoradiotherapy
and ABMT in 153 consecutive patients with relapsed indolent follicular
NHL treated between 1985 and 1995. Considering that the median DFS of
second remission with conventional therapy for patients with this
disease is 13 months, we have seen a significant prolongation of DFS
with high-dose therapy.4 Moreover, the median survival
after first relapse from conventional therapy for advanced stage
patients is 5 years.2 The OS after ABMT in this series was
66% at 8 years, suggesting that we may be observing a prolonged
survival with high-dose therapy. However, the patients who underwent
ABMT in this study were younger than the median age of patients with
follicluar NHL, had sensitive disease, and could achieve a minimal
disease state with conventional chemotherapy. Despite the fact that
these patients were treated with a median of 3 regimens and only 30%
were in clinical CR at ABMT, the current results are encouraging.
The DFS and OS in the present series are comparable with those reported
in other series of high-dose therapy and autologous stem cell
transplantation for patients with relapsed follicular NHL.7,10,11,13,15,26,27 The clinical prognostic factors that significantly influenced failure-free survival include age greater
than 50 years and the number of chemotherapy regimens in the Nebraska
series13 and B symptoms at diagnosis in the recent series
of Fouillard et al.15 In univariate analysis, we found no
clinical parameters to be significantly associated with unfavorable
DFS. However, in a multiple regression model, B symptoms and histologic
involvement of the marrow at harvest were associated with increased
risk of relapse. These differences between the present study and these
others are most likely due to the heterogeneity of the patient
populations and the selection criteria used.
As we have previously reported in patients undergoing ABMT for
follicular NHL in second or greater remission as well as first remission,12,17 the presence of minimal residual disease in the reinfused marrow was the most significant prognostic factor for
relapse. A similar association between the degree of purging as
measured by residual number of colony-forming
unit-granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM) reinfused after
mafosfamide marrow purging and incidence of relapse has been recently
reported.15 These studies suggest that only a subset of
patients presently benefit from purging. Considering that 89% of the
patients who relapsed were reinfused with a PCR+ BM,
further improvements in techniques to yield a more tumor-free stem cell
product are likely to have an impact on DFS.
One of the problems of demonstrating an impact on remission duration
and survival in patients with follicular lymphoma is that exceedingly
long follow-up is necessary. For this reason, we have restricted our
analysis to patients who were at least 3 years from ABMT. The median
follow-up of the patients in remission is more than 5 years. Because
virtually all of the relapses have occured in the first 4 years after
ABMT, a subset of these patients may be cured of follicular NHL.
However, despite long clinical follow-up, one must remain cautious
about these results considering the long natural history of follicular
NHL and that late relaspes occur. The detection of minimal residual
disease by PCR after ABMT may be a useful endpoint to examine the
effect of a treatment modality such as ABMT.
The observation that minimal residual disease at ABMT and in follow-up
is predictive for relapse has stimulated novel treatment approaches. In
vitro studies have demonstrated a potential for generating endogenous
immune responses against follicular lymphoma cells. Amplification of
effector cells with cytokines such as interleukin-2 or interferon-
has been one such approach.28,29 Further ways to enhance
and induce host immunity against the patients' tumor cells include
tumor cell vaccination using engineered cells that express
costimulatory molecules cells or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).30 Another approach that has been reported after conventional therapy is to use idiotypic peptides derived from the patients' lymphoma cells with or without GM-CSF.31-33 One problem with this strategy after high-dose
therapy is the marked suppressive effects on T-cell subsets and antigen presenting cells that occurs after autologous
transplantation.34 MoAbs either unconjugated or conjugated
to toxins are also being administered after ASCT to target tumor
cells.35 The anti-B-cell immunotoxin anti-B4-blocked
ricin has been used in the adjuvant setting after ABMT and was reported
to be without benefit in phase III trial.36 Unconjugated
MoAbs such as Rituximab that are cytotoxic in the absence of effector
cells37 will continue to be investigated as an attractive
alternative for minimal residual disease. These immunomodulatory and
targeted therapies may be particularly well suited for patients who are
at high risk for relapse after high-dose therapy, specifically those
receiving a PCR+ stem cell product and those who are
persistently PCR+ after transplant.
Although relapse is the principal cause of morbidity and mortality
after ABMT, the development of second malignancies, particularly MDS/AML, is a major concern for patients
longitudinally.38-48 In the present series, 12 patients
(8%) have developed MDS or secondary AML, and to date, 10 have
died, of whom 6 died with no evidence of recurrent
NHL. We have also observed solid tumors develop in 5 patients. Second, nonhematologic malignancies have been reported to
occur after alloBMT. Most of these are epithelial derived, with a
significant number involving the skin, particularly malignant melanoma.
A recent series of second tumors after autologous stem cell transplants
for lymphoma reported an actuarial risk of second malignancy of 16.7%
at 13 years.46 These studies as well as our own data
suggest that patients undergoing autologous transplant are at increased
risk of secondary solid tumors. This is particularly a concern in
patients with follicular NHL who may experience prolonged DFS or OS
after ABMT.
It is clear that other strategies are needed to improve on the results
of autologous transplantation. One approach is the use of
radioimmunoconjugates, which have been used in both myeloablative and
nonmyeloablative doses with high response rates.49-53
AlloBMT has been used in a limited fashion in patients with relapsed
follicular NHL.6,7,54,55 The OS rates for patients
undergoing conventional alloBMT are similar to ABMT because of a
significantly higher treatment-related mortality but with a lower
relapse rate. This lower relapse rate with alloBMT as well as anecdotal
responses to donor lymphocyte infusions are evidence for a
graft-versus-lymphoma effect.56,57 One strategy to reduce
the high morbidity and mortality of alloBMT, while generating a
graft-versus-lymphoma effect, would be to combine selective
T-cell-depleted alloBMT58,59 with donor lymphocyte
infusions or nonmyeloablative transplants.60 Ongoing and
future studies in these areas as well as in the development of more
effective ablative regimens, tumor cell purging, and treatment of
minimal residual disease may provide more effective treatment than
those that currently only benefit a minority of patients.
| |
ACKNOWLEDGMENT |
The authors are indebted to the nurses, adult oncology fellows, and
social workers of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; and the housestaff
of the Brigham and Women's Hospital and Beth Israel Hospital for their
excellent care of these patients. We also thank the technicians of the
Connell-O'Reilly Cell Manipulation Laboratory and the Blood Component
Laboratory of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute for processing of the BMs;
the oncologic surgeons of the Brigham and Women's Hospital and Beth
Israel-Deaconess Hospital for their surgical assistance; and the staffs
of the Departments of Radiology and Infectious Disease for their
assistance in patient care. We also thank Lisa Warren for secretarial
assistance in preparation of the manuscript.
| |
FOOTNOTES |
Submitted March 25, 1999; accepted July 7, 1999.
Supported by National Institutes of Health Grant No. CA 66996.
The publication costs of this
article were defrayed in part by
page charge payment. This article
must therefore be hereby marked
"advertisement"
in accordance with 18 U.S.C. section
1734 solely to indicate this fact.
Address reprint requests to Arnold S. Freedman, MD, Department of
Hematologic Malignancies, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney St,
Boston, MA 02115.
| |
REFERENCES |
1.
Horning SJ, Rosenberg SA:
The natural history of initially untreated low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
N Engl J Med
311:1471, 1984[Abstract]
2.
Gallagher C, Gregory W, Jones A, Stansfeld A, Richards M, Dhaliwal H, Malpas J, Lister T:
Follicular lymphoma: Prognostic factors for response and survival.
J Clin Oncol
4:1470, 1986[Abstract/Free Full Text]
3.
Dana B, Dahlberg S, Nathwani B, Chase E, Coltman C, Miller T, Fisher R:
Long-term follow-up of patients with low-grade malignant lymphomas treated with doxorubicin-based chemotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy.
J Clin Oncol
11:644, 1993[Abstract]
4.
Johnson P, Rohatiner A, Whelan J, Price C, Love S, Lim J, Mattews J, Norton A, Amess J, Lister T:
Patterns of survival in patients with recurrent follicular lymphoma: A 20 year study from a single center.
J Clin Oncol
13:140, 1995[Abstract/Free Full Text]
5.
Philip T, Guglielmi C, Hagenbeek A, Somers R, Van der Lelie H, Bron D, Sonneveld P, Gisselbrecht C, Cahn J, Harousseau J, Coiffier B, Biron P, Mandelli F, Chauvin F:
Autologous bone marrow transplantation as compared with salvage chemotherapy in relapses of chemotherapy-sensitive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
N Engl J Med
333:1540, 1995[Abstract/Free Full Text]
6.
Van Besien K, Mehra R, Giralt S, Kantarjian H, Pugh W, Khouri I, Moon Y, Williams P, Andersson B, Przepiorka D, McCarthy P, Gajewski J, Deisseroth A, Cabanillas F, Champlin R:
Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for poor prognosis lymphoma: Response, toxicity, and survival depend on disease histology.
Am J Med
100:299, 1996[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
7.
Verdonck L, Dekker A, Lokhorst H, Petersen E, Nieuwenhuis H:
Allogeneic versus autologous bone marrow transplantation for refractory and recurrent low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Blood
90:4201, 1997[Abstract/Free Full Text]
8.
Schouten HC, Bierman PJ, Vaughan WP, Kessinger A, Vose JM, Weisenburger DD, Armitage JO:
Autologous bone marrow transplantation in follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma before and after histologic transformation.
Blood
74:2579, 1989[Abstract/Free Full Text]
9.
Freedman AS, Ritz J, Neuberg D, Anderson KC, Rabinowe SN, Mauch P, Takvorian T, Soiffer R, Blake K, Yeap B, Coral F, Helfin L, Nadler LM:
Autologous bone marrow transplantation in 69 patients with a history of low grade B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Blood
77:2524, 1991[Abstract/Free Full Text]
10.
Colombat P, Donadio D, Fouillard L, Milpied N, Tilly H, Pico J, Abrgrall J, Coiffier B, Herbrecht R, Philip T:
Value of autologous bone marrow transplantation in follicular lymphoma: A France Autogreffe retrospective study of 42 patients.
Bone Marrow Transplant
13:157, 1994[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
11.
Rohatiner A, Johnson P, Price C, Arnott SJ, Amess J, Norton A, Dorey E, Adams K, Whelan J, Matthews J, MacCallum P, Oza A, Lister T:
Myeloablative therapy with autologous bone marrow transplantation as consolidation therapy for recurrent follicular lymphoma.
J Clin Oncol
12:1177, 1994[Abstract/Free Full Text]
12.
Freedman A, Gribben J, Neuberg D, Mauch P, Soiffer R, Anderson K, Pandite L, Robertson M, Kroon M, Ritz J, Nadler L:
High dose therapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation in patients with follicular lymphoma during first remission.
Blood
88:2780, 1996[Abstract/Free Full Text]
13.
Bierman P, Vose J, Anderson J, Bishop M, Kessinger A, Armitage J:
High-dose therapy with autologous hematopoietic rescue for follicular low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
J Clin Oncol
15:445, 1997[Abstract/Free Full Text]
14.
Freedman A, Neuberg D, Mauch P, Gribben J, Soiffer R, Anderson K, Robertson M, Fisher D, Schlossman R, Kroon M, Rhuda C, Kuhlman C, Ritz J, Nadler L:
Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone dose intensification with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor markedly depletes stem cell reserve for autologous bone marrow transplantation.
Blood
90:4996, 1997[Abstract/Free Full Text]
15.
Fouillard L, Laporte J, Labopin M, Lesage S, Isnard F, Douay L, Lopez M, Aoudjhane M, Zunic P, Cheron N, Stachowiak J, Lemonnier M, Andreu G, Belkacemi Y, Noel-Walter M, Morel P, Fenaux P, Jouet J, Bauters F, Najman A, Gorin N:
Autologous stem-cell transplantation for non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: The role of graft purging and radiotherapy posttransplantation Results of a retrospective analysis on 120 patients autografted in a single institution.
J Clin Oncol
16:2803, 1998[Abstract]
16.
Gribben J, Neuberg D, Barber M, Moore J, Pesek K, Freedman A, Nadler L:
Detection of residual lymphoma cells by polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood is significantly less predictive for relapse than detection in bone marrow.
Blood
83:3800, 1994[Abstract/Free Full Text]
17.
Gribben J, Freedman A, Neuberg D, Roy D, Blake K, Woo S, Grossbard M, Rabinowe S, Coral F, Freeman G, Ritz J, Nadler L:
Immunologic purging of marrow assessed by PCR before autologous bone marrow transplantation for B-cell lymphoma.
N Engl J Med
325:1525, 1991[Abstract]
18.
Gribben J, Saporito L, Barber M, Blake K, Edwards R, Griffin J, Freedman A, Nadler L:
Bone marrow of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients with a bcl-2 translocation can be purged of polymerase chain reaction-detectable lymphoma cells using monoclonal antibodies and immunomagnetic bead depletion.
Blood
80:1083, 1992[Abstract/Free Full Text]
19.
Gribben J, Neuberg D, Freedman A, Gimmi C, Pesek K, Barber M, Saporito L, Woo S, Coral F, Spector N, Rabinowe S, Grossbard M, Ritz J, Nadler L:
Detection by polymerase chain reaction of residual cells with the bcl-2 translocation is associated with increased risk of relapse after autologous bone marrow transplantation for B-cell lymphoma.
Blood
81:3449, 1993[Abstract/Free Full Text]
20.
National Cancer Institute sponsored study of classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas:
Summary and description of a working formulation for clinical usage. The Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Classification Project.
Cancer
49:2112, 1982[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
21.
Harris N, Jaffe E, Stein H, Banks P, Chan J, Cleary M, Delsol G, de Wolf-Peeters C, Falini B, Gatter K, Grogan T, Isaacson P, Knowles D, Mason D, Muller-Hermelink H, Pileri S, Piris M, Ralfkiaer E, Warnke R:
Perspective: A revised European American classification of lymphoid neoplasm: A proposal from the International Lymphoma Study Group.
Blood
84:1361, 1994[Free Full Text]
22.
Freedman AS, Takvorian T, Anderson KC, Mauch P, Rabinowe SN, Blake K, Yeap B, Soiffer R, Coral F, Heflin L, Ritz J, Nadler LM:
Autologous bone marrow transplantation in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: Very low treatment-related mortality in 100 patients in sensitive relapse.
J Clin Oncol
8:1, 1990[Free Full Text]
23.
Gribben JG, Freedman AS, Woo SD, Blake K, Shu RS, Freedman G, Longtine JA, Pinkus GS, Nadler LM:
All advanced stage non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with a polymerase chain reaction amplifiable breakpoint of bcl-2 have residual cells containing the bcl-2 rearrangement at evaluation and after treatment.
Blood
78:3275, 1991[Abstract/Free Full Text]
24.
Kaplan E, Maier P:
Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations.
J Am Stat Assoc
53:457, 1958
25.
Mantel N:
Evaluation of survival data and two new rank order statistics arising in its consideration.
Cancer Chemother Rep
50:163, 1966[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
26.
Haas R, Moos M, Mohle R, Dohner H, Witt B, Goldschmidt H, Murea S, Flentje M, Wannenmacher M, Hunstein W:
High-dose therapy with peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation in low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Bone Marrow Transplant
17:149, 1996[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
27.
Tarella C, Corradini P, Caracciolo D, Astolfi M, Castellino C, Gavarotti P:
High dose chemotherapy as upfront treatment in 35 patients with indolent lymphoma induces a high rate of durable clinical and molecular remission.
Blood
88:121, 1996
28.
Klingemann H, Grigg A, Wilkie-Boyd K, Barnett M, Eaves A, Reece D, Shepard J, Phillips G:
Treatment with recombinant interferon (-2 ) early after bone marrow transplantation in patients at high risk for relapse.
Blood
78:3306, 1991[Abstract/Free Full Text]
29.
Vey N, Blaise D, Tiberghein P, Attal M, Pico J, Reiffers J, Harrousseau J, Fiere D, Tabilio A, Gabus R, Brandely M, Maraninchi D:
A pilot study of autologous bone marrow transplantation followed by recombinant interleukin-2 in malignant lymphomas.
Leuk Lymphoma
21:107, 1996[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
30.
Schultze J, Cardoso A, Freeman G, Seamon M, Daley J, Pinkus G, Gribben J, Nadler L:
Follicular lymphomas can be induced to present alloantigen efficiently: A conceptual model to improve their tumor immunogenicity.
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
92:8200, 1995[Abstract/Free Full Text]
31.
Kwak L, Campbell M, Czerwinski D, Hart S, Miller R, Levy R:
Induction of immune responses in patients with B-cell lymphoma against the surface-immunoglobulin idiotype expressed by their tumors.
N Engl J Med
327:1209, 1992[Abstract]
32.
Hsu F, Benike C, Fagnoni F, Liles T, Czerwinski D, Taidi B, Engleman E, Levy R:
Vaccination of patients with B-cell lymphoma using autologous antigen pulsed dendritic cells.
Nat Med
2:52, 1996[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
33.
Bendandi M, Gocke C, Kobrin C, Benko F, Sternas L, Watson T, Reynolds C, Kwak L:
Molecular complete remissions induced by patient-specific vaccination in most patients with follicular lymphoma.
Blood
92:153, 1998
34.
Pedrazzini A, Freedman A, Andersen J, Heflin L, Anderson K, Takvorian T, Canellos G, Whitman J, Coral F, Ritz J, Nadler L:
Anti-B cell monoclonal antibody purged autologous bone marrow transplantation for B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: Phenotypic reconstitution and B cell function.
Blood
74:2203, 1989[Abstract/Free Full Text]
35.
Multani P, Grossbard M:
Monoclonal antibody-based therapies for hematologic malignancies.
J Clin Oncol
16:3691, 1998[Abstract]
36.
Grossbard M, Niedzwiecki D, Nadler L:
Anti-B4-blocked ricin (anti-B4-bR) adjuvant therapy post-autologus bone marrow transplant (ABMT)(CALGB 9254): A phase III Intergroup study.
Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol
17:A8, 1998
37.
Shan D, Ledbetter J, Press O:
Apoptosis of malignant human B cells by ligation of CD20 with monoclonal antibodies.
Blood
91:1644, 1998[Abstract/Free Full Text]
38.
Witherspoon R, Fisher L, Schoch G, Martin P, Sullivan K, Sanders J, Deeg H, Doney K, Thomas D, Storb R:
Secondary cancers after bone marrow transplantation for leukemia or aplastic anemia.
N Engl J Med
321:784, 1989[Abstract]
39.
Lowsky R, Lipton J, Fyles G, Minden M, Meharchand J, Tejpar I, Atkins H, Sutcliffe S, Messner H:
Secondary malignancies after bone marrow transplantation in adults.
J Clin Oncol
12:2187, 1994[Abstract/Free Full Text]
40.
Stone R, Neuberg D, Soiffer R, Takvorian T, Whelan M, Rabinowe S, Aster J, Leavitt P, Mauch P, Freedman A, Nadler L:
Myelodysplastic syndrome as a late complication following autologous bone marrow transplantation for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
J Clin Oncol
12:2535, 1994[Abstract/Free Full Text]
41.
Miller J, Arthur D, Litz C, Neglia J, Miller W, Weisdorf D:
Myelodysplastic syndrome after autologous bone marrow transplantation: An additional late complication of curative cancer therapy.
Blood
83:3780, 1994[Abstract/Free Full Text]
42.
Darrington D, Vose J, Anderson J, Bierman P, Bishop M, Chan W, Morris M, Reed E, Sanger WG, Tarantolo S, Weisenburger D, Kessinger A, Armitage J:
Incidence and characterization of secondary myelodysplastic syndrome following high-dose chemoradiotherapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation for lymphoid malignancies.
J Clin Oncol
12:2527, 1994[Abstract/Free Full Text]
43.
Bhatia S, Ramsay N, Steinbuch M, Dusenbery K, Shapiro R, Weisdorf D, Robison L, Miller J, Neglia J:
Malignant neoplasms following bone marrow transplantation.
Blood
87:3633, 1996[Abstract/Free Full Text]
44.
Curtis R, Rowlings P, Deeg H, Shriner D, Socie G, Travis L, Horowitz M, Witherspoon R, Hoover R, Sobocinski K, Fraumeni J, Boice J:
Solid cancers after bone marrow transplantation.
N Engl J Med
336:894, 1997
45.
Fetscher S, Finke J, Engelhardt R, Mertelsmann R, Lange W:
Early-onset secondary malignancies after high-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Ann Hematol
74:73, 1997[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
46.
Oddou S, Vey N, Viens P, Bardou V, Faucher C, Stoppa A, Chabannon C, Camerlo J, Bouabdallah R, Gastaut J, Maraninchi D, Blaise D:
Second neoplasms following high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation for malignant lymphomas: A report of six cases in a cohort of 171 patients from a single institution.
Leuk Lymphoma
31:187, 1998[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
47.
von Neuhoff N, Dreger P, Suttorp M, Marget M, Kell S, Schmitz N:
Comparison of different strategies of molecular genetic monitoring following autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with follicular lymphoma.
Bone Marrow Transplant
22:161, 1998[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
48.
Andre M, Henry-Amar M, Blaise D, Colombat P, Fleury J, Milpied N, Cahn J, Pico J, Bastion Y, Kuentz M, Nedellec G, Attal M, Ferme C, Gisselbrecht C:
Treatment-related deaths and second cancer risk after autologous stem-cell transplantation for Hodgkin's disease.
Blood
92:1933, 1998[Abstract/Free Full Text]
49.
Kaminski M, Zasadny K, Francis I, Milik A, Ross C, Moon S, Crawford S, Burgess J, Petry N, Butchko G, Glenn S, Wahl R:
Radiommunotherapy of B-cell lymphoma with Anti-B1 (Anti-CD20) antibody.
N Engl J Med
329:459, 1993[Abstract/Free Full Text]
50.
Press O, Eary J, Appelbaum F, Martin P, Badger C, Nelp W, Glenn S, Butchko G, Fisher D, Porter B, Matthews D, Fisher L, Bernstein I:
Radiolabeled-antibody therapy of B-cell lymphoma with autologous bone marrow support.
N Engl J Med
329:1219, 1993[Abstract/Free Full Text]
51.
Press O, Eary J, Applebaum F, Martin P, Nelp W, Glenn S, Fisher D, Porter B, Matthews D, Gooley T, Bernstein I:
Phase II trial of 131-B1 (anti-CD20) antibody therapy with autologous stem cell transplantation for relapsed B cell lymphomas.
Lancet
346:336, 1995[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
52.
Kaminski M, Zasadny K, Francis I, Fenner M, Ross C, Milik A, Estes J, Tuck M, Regan D, Fisher S, Glenn S, Wahl R:
Iodine-131-anti-B1 radioimmunotherapy for B-cell lymphoma.
J Clin Oncol
14:1974, 1996[Abstract/Free Full Text]
53.
Liu S, Eary J, Petersdorf S, Martin P, Maloney D, Appelbaum F, Mattews D, Bush S, Durack L, Fisher D, Gooley T, Bernstein I, Press O:
Follow-up of relapsed B-cell lymphoma patients treated with iodine-131-labeled anti-CD20 antibody and autologous stem-cell rescue.
J Clin Oncol
16:3270, 1998[Abstract]
54.
Ratanatharathorn V, Uberti J, Karanes C, Abella E, Lum L, Momin F, Cummings G, Sensenbrenner L:
Prospective comparative trial of autologous versus allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Blood
84:1050, 1994[Abstract/Free Full Text]
55.
Van Besien K, Khouri I, Giralt S, McCarthy P, Mehra R, Andersson B, Przepiorka D, Gajewski J, Bellare N, Nath R, Romaguera J, McLaughlin P, Korbling M, Deisseroth A, Cabanillas F, Champlin R:
Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for refractory and recurrent low-grade lymphoma: The case for aggressive management.
J Clin Oncol
13:1096, 1995[Abstract]
56.
Van Besien K, de Lima M, Giralt S, Moore D, Khouri I, Rondon G, Mehra R, Andersson B, Dyer C, Cleary K, Gajewski J, Champlin R:
Management of lymphoma recurrence after allogeneic transplantation: The relevance of graft-versus-lymphoma effect.
Bone Marrow Transplant
19:977, 1997[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
57.
Jones R, Ambinder R, Piantadosi S, Santos G:
Evidence for a graft-versus-lymphoma effect associated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
Blood
77:649, 1991[Abstract/Free Full Text]
58.
Soiffer R, Freedman A, Neuberg D, Fisher D, Alyea E, Gribben J, Schlossman R, Bartlett-Pandite L, Kuhlman C, Murray C, Freeman A, Mauch P, Anderson K, Nadler L, Ritz J:
CD6+ T-cell depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Bone Marrow Transplant
21:1177, 1998[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
59.
Juckett M, Rowlings P, Hessner M, Keever-Taylor C, Burns W, Camitta B, Casper J, Drobyski W, Hanson G, Horowitz M, Lawton C, Margolis J, Peitryga D, Vesole D:
T cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for high-risk non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: Clinical and molecular follow-up.
Bone Marrow Transplant
21:893, 1998[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
60.
Khouri I, Keating M, Korbling M, Przepiorka D, Anderlini P, O'Brien S, Giralt S, Ippoliti C, von Wolff B, Gajewski J, Donato M, Claxton D, Ueno N, Andersson B, Gee A, Champlin R:
Transplant-lite: Induction of graft-versus-malignancy using fludarabine-based nonablative chemotherapy and allogeneic blood progenitor-cell transplantation as treatment for lymphoid malignancies.
J Clin Oncol
16:2817, 1998[Abstract]
 CiteULike  Connotea  Del.icio.us  Digg  Reddit  Technorati What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
R B Ilgenfritz, K Kayasut, A Le Tourneau, O A Calendini, L Ouafi, C Marzac, J Diebold, F Devez, V Ducruit, P E Bouchet, et al.
Correlation between molecular and histopathological diagnoses of B cell lymphomas in bone marrow biopsy and aspirates
J. Clin. Pathol.,
April 1, 2009;
62(4):
357 - 360.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Gyan, C. Foussard, P. Bertrand, P. Michenet, S. Le Gouill, C. Berthou, H. Maisonneuve, V. Delwail, R. Gressin, P. Quittet, et al.
High-dose therapy followed by autologous purged stem cell transplantation and doxorubicin-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced follicular lymphoma: a randomized multicenter study by the GOELAMS with final results after a median follow-up of 9 years
Blood,
January 29, 2009;
113(5):
995 - 1001.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Tarella, M. Zanni, M. Magni, F. Benedetti, C. Patti, T. Barbui, A. Pileri, M. Boccadoro, F. Ciceri, A. Gallamini, et al.
Rituximab Improves the Efficacy of High-Dose Chemotherapy With Autograft for High-Risk Follicular and Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Multicenter Gruppo Italiano Terapie Innnovative nei Linfomi Survey
J. Clin. Oncol.,
July 1, 2008;
26(19):
3166 - 3175.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Arcaini, F. Montanari, E. P. Alessandrino, A. Tucci, E. Brusamolino, L. Gargantini, R. Cairoli, P. Bernasconi, F. Passamonti, M. Bonfichi, et al.
Immunochemotherapy with in vivo purging and autotransplant induces long clinical and molecular remission in advanced relapsed and refractory follicular lymphoma
Ann. Onc.,
July 1, 2008;
19(7):
1331 - 1335.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Ladetto, F. De Marco, F. Benedetti, U. Vitolo, C. Patti, A. Rambaldi, A. Pulsoni, M. Musso, A. M. Liberati, A. Olivieri, et al.
Prospective, multicenter randomized GITMO/IIL trial comparing intensive (R-HDS) versus conventional (CHOP-R) chemoimmunotherapy in high-risk follicular lymphoma at diagnosis: the superior disease control of R-HDS does not translate into an overall survival advantage
Blood,
April 15, 2008;
111(8):
4004 - 4013.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Montoto, C. Moreno, E. Domingo-Domenech, C. Estany, A. Oriol, A. Altes, J. Besalduch, C. Pedro, S. Gardella, L. Escoda, et al.
High clinical and molecular response rates with fludarabine, cyclophosphamide and mitoxantrone in previously untreated patients with advanced stage follicular lymphoma
Haematologica,
February 1, 2008;
93(2):
207 - 214.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M Devetten and J. Armitage
Hematopoietic cell transplantation: progress and obstacles
Ann. Onc.,
September 1, 2007;
18(9):
1450 - 1456.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Farina and P. Corradini
Current role of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in follicular lymphoma
Haematologica,
May 1, 2007;
92(5):
580 - 582.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. K. Gopal, J. G. Rajendran, T. A. Gooley, J. M. Pagel, D. R. Fisher, S. H. Petersdorf, D. G. Maloney, J. F. Eary, F. R. Appelbaum, and O. W. Press
High-Dose [131I]Tositumomab (anti-CD20) Radioimmunotherapy and Autologous Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation for Adults >= 60 Years Old With Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell Lymphoma
J. Clin. Oncol.,
April 10, 2007;
25(11):
1396 - 1402.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C Nickenig, M Dreyling, E Hoster, W-D Ludwig, B Dorken, M Freund, C Huber, A Ganser, L Trumper, R Forstpointner, et al.
Initial chemotherapy with mitoxantrone, chlorambucil, prednisone impairs the collection of stem cells in patients with indolent lymphomas--results of a randomized comparison by the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group
Ann. Onc.,
January 1, 2007;
18(1):
136 - 142.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Inoges, M. Rodriguez-Calvillo, N. Zabalegui, A. Lopez-Diaz de Cerio, H. Villanueva, E. Soria, L. Suarez, A. Rodriguez-Caballero, F. Pastor, R. Garcia-Munoz, et al.
Clinical benefit associated with idiotypic vaccination in patients with follicular lymphoma.
J Natl Cancer Inst,
September 20, 2006;
98(18):
1292 - 1301.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Hiddemann, M. Kneba, M. Dreyling, N. Schmitz, E. Lengfelder, R. Schmits, M. Reiser, B. Metzner, H. Harder, S. Hegewisch-Becker, et al.
Frontline therapy with rituximab added to the combination of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) significantly improves the outcome for patients with advanced-stage follicular lymphoma compared with therapy with CHOP alone: results of a prospective randomized study of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group
Blood,
December 1, 2005;
106(12):
3725 - 3732.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Nademanee, S. Forman, A. Molina, H. Fung, D. Smith, A. Dagis, C. Kwok, D. Yamauchi, A.-L. Anderson, P. Falk, et al.
A phase 1/2 trial of high-dose yttrium-90-ibritumomab tiuxetan in combination with high-dose etoposide and cyclophosphamide followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with poor-risk or relapsed non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Blood,
October 15, 2005;
106(8):
2896 - 2902.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Hiddemann, C. Buske, M. Dreyling, O. Weigert, G. Lenz, R. Forstpointner, C. Nickenig, and M. Unterhalt
Treatment Strategies in Follicular Lymphomas: Current Status and Future Perspectives
J. Clin. Oncol.,
September 10, 2005;
23(26):
6394 - 6399.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Grignani, E. Perissinotto, G. Cavalloni, F. Carnevale Schianca, and M. Aglietta
Clinical Use of AMD3100 to Mobilize CD34+ Cells in Patients Affected by Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma or Multiple Myeloma
J. Clin. Oncol.,
June 1, 2005;
23(16):
3871 - 3872.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Deconinck, C. Foussard, N. Milpied, P. Bertrand, P. Michenet, P. Cornillet-LeFebvre, M. Escoffre-Barbe, H. Maisonneuve, V. Delwail, R. Gressin, et al.
High-dose therapy followed by autologous purged stem-cell transplantation and doxorubicin-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced follicular lymphoma: a randomized multicenter study by GOELAMS
Blood,
May 15, 2005;
105(10):
3817 - 3823.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Rambaldi, E. Carlotti, E. Oldani, I. D. Starza, M. Baccarani, S. Cortelazzo, F. Lauria, L. Arcaini, E. Morra, A. Pulsoni, et al.
Quantitative PCR of bone marrow BCL2/IgH+ cells at diagnosis predicts treatment response and long-term outcome in follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Blood,
May 1, 2005;
105(9):
3428 - 3433.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. R. Brown, H. Yeckes, J. W. Friedberg, D. Neuberg, H. Kim, L. M. Nadler, and A. S. Freedman
Increasing Incidence of Late Second Malignancies After Conditioning With Cyclophosphamide and Total-Body Irradiation and Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
J. Clin. Oncol.,
April 1, 2005;
23(10):
2208 - 2214.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Forstpointner, M. Dreyling, R. Repp, S. Hermann, A. Hanel, B. Metzner, C. Pott, F. Hartmann, F. Rothmann, R. Rohrberg, et al.
The addition of rituximab to a combination of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone (FCM) significantly increases the response rate and prolongs survival as compared with FCM alone in patients with relapsed and refractory follicular and mantle cell lymphomas: results of a prospective randomized study of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group
Blood,
November 15, 2004;
104(10):
3064 - 3071.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Lenz, M. Dreyling, E. Schiegnitz, R. Forstpointner, H. Wandt, M. Freund, G. Hess, L. Truemper, V. Diehl, M. Kropff, et al.
Myeloablative radiochemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in first remission prolongs progression-free survival in follicular lymphoma: results of a prospective, randomized trial of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group
Blood,
November 1, 2004;
104(9):
2667 - 2674.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Corradini, M. Ladetto, F. Zallio, M. Astolfi, E. Rizzo, S. Sametti, A. Cuttica, R. Rosato, L. Farina, M. Boccadoro, et al.
Long-Term Follow-Up of Indolent Lymphoma Patients Treated With High-Dose Sequential Chemotherapy and Autografting: Evidence That Durable Molecular and Clinical Remission Frequently Can Be Attained Only in Follicular Subtypes
J. Clin. Oncol.,
April 15, 2004;
22(8):
1460 - 1468.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Belhadj, M.-H. Delfau-Larue, T. Elgnaoui, F. Beaujean, J.-L. Beaumont, C. Pautas, I. Gaillard, Y. Kirova, A. Allain, P. Gaulard, et al.
Efficiency of in vivo purging with rituximab prior to autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a single institution study
Ann. Onc.,
March 1, 2004;
15(3):
504 - 510.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. N. Winter, R. D. Gascoyne, and K. Van Besien
Low-Grade Lymphoma
Hematology,
January 1, 2004;
2004(1):
203 - 220.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. van Besien, F. R. Loberiza Jr, R. Bajorunaite, J. O. Armitage, A. Bashey, L. J. Burns, C. O. Freytes, J. Gibson, M. M. Horowitz, D. J. Inwards, et al.
Comparison of autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for follicular lymphoma
Blood,
November 15, 2003;
102(10):
3521 - 3529.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. A. Lister
High-Dose Therapy for Follicular Lymphoma Revisited: Not If, but When?
J. Clin. Oncol.,
November 1, 2003;
21(21):
3894 - 3896.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. C. Schouten, W. Qian, S. Kvaloy, A. Porcellini, H. Hagberg, H. E. Johnsen, J. K. Doorduijn, M. R. Sydes, and G. Kvalheim
High-Dose Therapy Improves Progression-Free Survival and Survival in Relapsed Follicular Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Results From the Randomized European CUP Trial
J. Clin. Oncol.,
November 1, 2003;
21(21):
3918 - 3927.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. K. Gopal, T. A. Gooley, D. G. Maloney, S. H. Petersdorf, J. F. Eary, J. G. Rajendran, S. A. Bush, L. D. Durack, J. Golden, P. J. Martin, et al.
High-dose radioimmunotherapy versus conventional high-dose therapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for relapsed follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a multivariable cohort analysis
Blood,
October 1, 2003;
102(7):
2351 - 2357.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. Gianni, M. Magni, M. Martelli, M. Di Nicola, C. Carlo-Stella, S. Pilotti, A. Rambaldi, S. Cortelazzo, C. Patti, G. Parvis, et al.
Long-term remission in mantle cell lymphoma following high-dose sequential chemotherapy and in vivo rituximab-purged stem cell autografting (R-HDS regimen)
Blood,
July 15, 2003;
102(2):
749 - 755.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Fernandez-Ruiz, M. Cabrerizo, M. Ortega, C. Blas, P. Llamas, M. Santos-Roncero, S. Nieto, A. Acevedo, G. Perez, C. Nicolas, et al.
High Molecular Response Rate and Clinical Correlation in Patients with Follicular Lymphoma Treated with Cyclophosphamide-Vincristine-Prednisone plus Interferon {alpha} 2b
Clin. Cancer Res.,
July 1, 2003;
9(7):
2497 - 2503.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Hosing, R. M. Saliba, P. McLaughlin, B. Andersson, M. A. Rodriguez, L. Fayad, F. Cabanillas, R. E. Champlin, and I. F. Khouri
Long-term results favor allogeneic over autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with refractory or recurrent indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Ann. Onc.,
May 1, 2003;
14(5):
737 - 744.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Ladetto, D. Drandi, M. Compagno, M. Astolfi, F. Volpato, C. Voena, A. Novarino, B. Pollio, A. Addeo, I. Ricca, et al.
PCR-Detectable Nonneoplastic Bcl-2/IgH Rearrangements Are Common in Normal Subjects and Cancer Patients at Diagnosis but Rare in Subjects Treated With Chemotherapy
J. Clin. Oncol.,
April 1, 2003;
21(7):
1398 - 1403.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Ritgen, A. Lange, S. Stilgenbauer, H. Dohner, C. Bretscher, H. Bosse, A. Stuhr, M. Kneba, and P. Dreger
Unmutated immunoglobulin variable heavy-chain gene status remains an adverse prognostic factor after autologous stem cell transplantation for chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Blood,
March 1, 2003;
101(5):
2049 - 2053.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Ladetto, P. Corradini, S. Vallet, F. Benedetti, U. Vitolo, M. Martelli, M. Brugiatelli, P. Coser, A. Perrotti, I. Majolino, et al.
High rate of clinical and molecular remissions in follicular lymphoma patients receiving high-dose sequential chemotherapy and autografting at diagnosis: a multicenter, prospective study by the Gruppo Italiano Trapianto Midollo Osseo (GITMO)
Blood,
August 13, 2002;
100(5):
1559 - 1565.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Hunault-Berger, N. Ifrah, and P. Solal-Celigny
Intensive therapies in follicular non-Hodgkin lymphomas
Blood,
July 30, 2002;
100(4):
1141 - 1152.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. K. Gopal, J. G. Rajendran, S. H. Petersdorf, D. G. Maloney, J. F. Eary, B. L. Wood, T. A. Gooley, S. A. Bush, L. D. Durack, P. J. Martin, et al.
High-dose chemo-radioimmunotherapy with autologous stem cell support for relapsed mantle cell lymphoma
Blood,
May 1, 2002;
99(9):
3158 - 3162.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Montoto, A. Lopez-Guillermo, A. Ferrer, M. Camos, A. Alvarez-Larran, F. Bosch, J. Blade, F. Cervantes, J. Esteve, F. Cobo, et al.
Survival after progression in patients with follicular lymphoma: analysis of prognostic factors
Ann. Onc.,
April 1, 2002;
13(4):
523 - 530.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Rambaldi, M. Lazzari, C. Manzoni, E. Carlotti, L. Arcaini, M. Baccarani, T. Barbui, C. Bernasconi, G. Dastoli, G. Fuga, et al.
Monitoring of minimal residual disease after CHOP and rituximab in previously untreated patients with follicular lymphoma
Blood,
February 1, 2002;
99(3):
856 - 862.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. G. Maloney, B. M. Sandmaier, S. Mackinnon, and J. A. Shizuru
Non-Myeloablative Transplantation
Hematology,
January 1, 2002;
2002(1):
392 - 421.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. W. Stern, J. Fang, S. Shusterman, G. Pierson, R. Barr, B. Pawel, L. Diller, and S. A. Grupp
Angiogenesis Inhibitor TNP-470 during Bone Marrow Transplant: Safety in a Preclinical Model
Clin. Cancer Res.,
April 1, 2001;
7(4):
1026 - 1032.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. Horning, R. S. Negrin, R. T. Hoppe, S. A. Rosenberg, N. J. Chao, G. D. Long, B. W. Brown, and K. G. Blume
High-dose therapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation for follicular lymphoma in first complete or partial remission: results of a phase II clinical trial
Blood,
January 15, 2001;
97(2):
404 - 409.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. van Besien, I. K. R. Champlin, and P. McCarthy
Allogeneic Transplantation for Low-Grade Lymphoma: Long-Term Follow-Up
J. Clin. Oncol.,
February 1, 2000;
18(3):
702 - 702.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Cabanillas, S. Horning, M. Kaminski, and R. Champlin
Managing Indolent Lymphomas in Relapse: Working Our Way Through a Plethora of Options
Hematology,
January 1, 2000;
2000(1):
166 - 179.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Macintyre, D. Willerford, and S. W. Morris
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Molecular Features of B Cell Lymphoma
Hematology,
January 1, 2000;
2000(1):
180 - 204.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
TOP
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION