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Blood, 1 August 2002, Vol. 100, No. 3, pp. 905-911
HEMOSTASIS, THROMBOSIS, AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
A monoclonal antibody to vascular endothelial-cadherin inhibits
tumor angiogenesis without side effects on endothelial permeability
Monica Corada,
Lucia Zanetta,
Fabrizio Orsenigo,
Ferruccio Breviario,
Maria Grazia Lampugnani,
Sergio Bernasconi,
Fang Liao,
Daniel J. Hicklin,
Peter Bohlen, and
Elisabetta Dejana
From the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan,
Italy; Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan,
Italy; Universitá degli Studi dell'Insubria,
Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Facoltá di
Medicina e Chirurgia, Varese, Italy; Department of Immunology, ImClone
Systems Incorporated, New York, NY.
Vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) is an
endothelial-specific, trans-membrane protein that promotes homophilic
cell adhesion. Inhibition of VE-cadherin by the blocking monoclonal antibody (mAb) BV13 inhibited angiogenesis and tumor growth in vivo.
However, this effect was accompanied by a marked increase in lung and
heart permeability. In the present paper, we characterize a different
VE-cadherin mAb (BV14) that is able to inhibit angiogenesis without
affecting vascular permeability. In vitro studies show that BV14, in
contrast to BV13, did not increase paracellular permeability of
endothelial monolayers and did not disrupt VE-cadherin clusters at
junctions. However, both antibodies could inhibit formation of
vascularlike structures in collagen gels and increase migration of
endothelial cells into wounded areas. In vivo, BV14 and
BV13 were equally active in inhibiting angiogenesis in the mouse cornea
and in reducing the growth of hemangioma and C6 glioma. In contrast to
BV13, BV14 did not change vascular permeability in all the organs
tested and at any dose used. BV14 and BV13 bind to VE-cadherin
extracellular repeats EC4 and EC1, respectively. We propose that, in
resting vessels, where junctions are stable and well-structured,
antibody binding to EC1 but not EC4 disrupts their organization and
increases permeability. In contrast, in growing vessels, where
endothelial cells are migrating and junctions are weaker, antibody
binding to EC4 may be sufficient to disrupt cell-to-cell adhesion and
inhibit assembly of new vascular structures.

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