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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 28, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2001-11-0039.
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Blood, 15 August 2002, Vol. 100, No. 4, pp. 1484-1489
TRANSPLANTATION
Increased presence of anti-HLA antibodies early after allogeneic
granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized peripheral blood
hematopoietic stem cell transplantation compared with bone marrow
transplantation
Valérie Lapierre,
Anne Aupérin,
Hakim Tayebi,
Jacqueline Chabod,
Philippe Saas,
Mauricette Michalet,
Sylvie François,
Frédéric Garban,
Christine Giraud,
Dominique Tramalloni,
Nadia Oubouzar,
Didier Blaise,
Matthieu Kuentz,
Eric Robinet, and
Pierre Tiberghien for the Société
Française de Greffe de Moelle et de Thérapie Cellulaire
From the Unité de Thérapie
Tissulaire, Cellulaire et Génique, and the Laboratoire de
Thérapeutique Immuno-Moléculaire, INSERM E 0119/UPRES EA
2284, Etablissement Français du Sang
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Besançon, France; Service
d'Epidémiologie et de Biostatistique and the Unité de
Médecine Transfusionnelle et d'Hémovigilance, Institut
Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Service d'Hématologie
Clinique, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France; Service
des Maladies du Sang, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France;
Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier
Universitaire, Grenoble, France; Service d'Hématologie Clinique
d'Oncologie et de Thérapie Cellulaire, Centre Hospitalier
Universitaire, Etablissement Français du Sang Centre-Atlantique,
Poitiers, France; Unité de Transplantation Médullaire,
Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France; and the Service
d'Hématologie, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil,
France.
We have recently shown that the use of allogeneic granulocyte
colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (PBHSCT), as compared with bone
marrow transplantation (BMT), is associated with increased titers of
antibodies (Abs) directed against red blood cell ABO antigens.
To further evaluate the influence of a G-CSF-mobilized PBHSCT graft on
alloimmune Ab responses, we examined the frequency of anti-HLA Abs
after transplantation in the setting of the same randomized study,
comparing PBHSCT with BMT in adults. Anti-HLA Ab presence was
determined by complement-dependent cytotoxicity assay (CDC) and
flow cytometry in the recipient before and 30 days after
transplantation as well as in the donor before graft donation. The use
of PBHSCT was significantly associated with increased
detection of anti-HLA immunoglobulin G (IgG) Abs early after
transplantation as evidenced by flow cytometry (11 of 24 versus 4 of 27 transplant recipients, P = .03) and, less so, by CDC (5 of 24 versus 1 of 27 transplant recipients,
P = .09). The difference between PBHSCT
and BMT was further heightened when analysis was restricted to anti-HLA
IgG Ab-negative donor/recipient pairs. In such a setting,
early anti-HLA Ab was never detected after BMT but was
repeatedly detected after PBHSCT (flow cytometry, 6 of 18 versus 0 of
17 transplant recipients, P = .02; CDC, 4 of 23 versus 0 of 26 transplant recipients, P = .04). Importantly, the
PBHSCT-associated increase in anti-HLA Ab detection was observed despite a reduction in the median number of platelet-transfusion episodes per patient in PBHSC transplant versus BM transplant recipients (3 platelet-transfusion episodes [range, 1-21] in PBHSCT group vs 6 platelet-transfusion episodes [range, 3-33] in the BMT
group; P = .02). In conclusion, this study
strongly suggests that G-CSF-mobilized PBHSCT results in an increased
incidence of circulating anti-HLA Abs and further confirms that the use of such a graft alters alloimmune Ab responses.

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