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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 14, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2001-11-0089.

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Blood, 15 October 2002, Vol. 100, No. 8, pp. 2989-2995

NEOPLASIA

PML-RAR induces promyelocytic leukemias with high efficiency following retroviral gene transfer into purified murine hematopoietic progenitors

Saverio Minucci, Silvia Monestiroli, Sabrina Giavara, Simona Ronzoni, Francesco Marchesi, Alessandra Insinga, Daniela Diverio, Patrizia Gasparini, Manuela Capillo, Emanuela Colombo, Cristian Matteucci, Francesco Contegno, Francesco Lo-Coco, Eugenio Scanziani, Alberto Gobbi, and Pier Giuseppe Pelicci

From the European Institute of Oncology, Department of Experimental Oncology, Milan, Italy; Department of Physiology and General Biochemistry, and Department of Veterinary Pathology, Hygiene and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Italy; IFOM-FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy; and Department of Human Biotechnology and Hematology, University of Rome "La Sapienza," Rome, Italy.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is associated with chromosomal translocations resulting in fusion proteins of the retinoic acid receptor (RAR). Here, we report a novel murine model system for APL, based on the transduction of purified murine hematopoietic progenitors (lin-) using high-titer retroviral vectors encoding promyelocytic leukemia-RAR (PML-RAR), and the green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a marker. PML-RAR-expressing lin- cells were impaired in their ability to undergo terminal myeloid differentiation and showed increased proliferative potential in vitro. Inoculation of transduced lin- cells into syngeneic, irradiated mice resulted in the development of retinoic acid-sensitive promyelocytic leukemias at high frequency (> 80%) and short latency (approximately 4 months). Morphologic and immunophenotypic analysis revealed no gross abnormalities of the preleukemic bone marrows. However, hematopoietic progenitors from PML-RAR preleukemic mice showed a severe impairment in their ability to undergo myeloid differentiation in vitro. This result, together with the monoclonality or oligoclonality of the leukemic blasts, supports a "multiple-hit" model, where the fusion protein causes a "preleukemic" phase, and leukemia occurs after additional genetic lesions. This model system faithfully reproduces the main characteristics of human APL and represents a versatile tool for the in vitro and in vivo study of mechanisms of leukemogenesis and the design of protocols for differentiation treatment.

© 2002 by The American Society of Hematology.
 

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