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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on January 23, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-08-2671.
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Blood, 15 May 2003, Vol. 101, No. 10, pp. 4209-4218
TRANSPLANTATION
Interleukin-7 improves CD4 T-cell reconstitution after autologous
CD34 cell transplantation in monkeys
Jan Storek,
Thurman Gillespy III,
Hailing Lu,
Ansamma Joseph,
Monja A. Dawson,
Michael Gough,
Julia Morris,
Robert C. Hackman,
Peter A. Horn,
George E. Sale,
Robert G. Andrews,
David G. Maloney, and
Hans-Peter Kiem
From the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
(FHCRC), Seattle, WA, and University of Washington, Seattle.
In mice, interleukin-7 (IL-7) hastens T-cell reconstitution and
might cause autoimmune diseases, lymphoma, and osteoporosis. We
assessed the effect of IL-7 on T-cell reconstitution and toxicity in
baboons that underwent total body irradiation followed by autologous transplantation of marrow CD34 cells. Three baboons received placebo and 3 baboons received recombinant human IL-7 (rhIL-7, 75 µg/kg twice
a day subcutaneously) between 6 and 10 weeks after
transplantation. The mean increase in blood absolute CD4 T-cell counts
was 0.9-fold in the placebo-treated animals versus 9.0-fold in those
treated with IL-7 (P = .02). The increase observed in the
IL-7-treated animals appeared attributable to peripheral expansion
rather than de novo generation. The IL-7-treated animals had greater
mean increases in the volumes of the spleen (2.0-fold with placebo versus 4.5-fold with IL-7, P = .02) and lymph nodes
(1.8-fold with placebo versus 4.1-fold with IL-7,
P = .10) but not the thymus (3.4-fold with placebo versus
1.1-fold with IL-7, P = .18). Side effects of IL-7
included thrombocytopenia and possibly neutropenia and hemolytic
anemia. One IL-7-treated animal failed to thrive due to a disease
resembling graft-versus-host disease. No animals developed lymphoma.
Bone density was not decreased. In conclusion, IL-7 raises CD4 T-cell
counts in irradiated primates. It remains to be determined whether this
is associated with clinical benefit.

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