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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on November 27, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-05-1300.
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Blood, 1 April 2003, Vol. 101, No. 7, pp. 2652-2660
HEMOSTASIS, THROMBOSIS, AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
Inflammation-promoting activity of HMGB1 on human
microvascular endothelial cells
Carmen Fiuza,
Michael Bustin,
Shefali Talwar,
Margaret Tropea,
Eric Gerstenberger,
James H. Shelhamer, and
Anthony F. Suffredini
From the Critical Care Medicine Department, Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; and
Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Division of Basic Sciences,
National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.
Systemic inflammation because of sepsis results in endothelial cell
activation and microvascular injury. High-mobility group protein-1
(HMGB1), a novel inflammatory molecule, is a late mediator of endotoxin
shock and is present in the blood of septic patients. The receptor for
advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is expressed on endothelium and
is a receptor for HMGB1. Here we examine the effects of HMGB1 on human
endothelial cell function. Recombinant human HMGB1 (rhHMGB1) was cloned
and expressed in Escherichia coli and incubated with human
microvascular endothelium. rhHMGB1 caused a dose- and time-dependent
increase in the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and RAGE. rhHMGB1
induced the secretion of tumor necrosis factor- (TNF ),
interleukin 8 (IL-8), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1),
plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and tissue plasminogen
activator (tPA) (P < .01). rhHMGB1 stimulation
resulted in transient phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, extracellular signal-related kinase
(ERK), Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38, and in nuclear
translocation of transcription factors NF- B and Sp1. These
effects are partially mediated by TNF autocrine stimulation, as
anti-TNF antibodies significantly decrease chemokine and adhesion
molecule responses (P .002). Thus, rhHMGB1 elicits
proinflammatory responses on endothelial cells and may contribute to
alterations in endothelial cell function in human inflammation.

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