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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on November 27, 2002; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-10-3091.
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Blood, 1 April 2003, Vol. 101, No. 7, pp. 2797-2803
NEOPLASIA
Genomically complex lymphomas undergo sustained tumor regression
upon MYC inactivation unless they acquire novel
chromosomal translocations
Åsa Karlsson,
Sylvie Giuriato,
Flora Tang,
Jingly Fung-Weier,
Göran Levan, and
Dean W. Felsher
From the Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine
and Pathology, Stanford University, CA; Reproductive Genetics Unit,
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences,
University of California, San Francisco; and the Department of Cellular
and Molecular Biology Genetics, Göteborg University,
Sweden.
The targeted inactivation of oncogenes may be a specific and
effective treatment for cancer. However, because human cancers are the
consequence of multiple genetic changes, the inactivation of one
oncogene may not be sufficient to cause sustained tumor regression.
Moreover, cancers are genomically unstable and may readily compensate
for the inactivation of a single oncogene. Here we confirm by spectral
karyotypic analysis that MYC-induced hematopoietic tumors
are highly genetically complex and genomically unstable.
Nevertheless, the inactivation of MYC alone was found to be
sufficient to induce sustained tumor regression. After prolonged MYC inactivation, some tumors exhibited a distinct
propensity to relapse. When tumors relapsed, they no longer required
the overexpression of MYC but instead acquired novel
chromosomal translocations. We conclude that even highly genetically
complex cancers are reversible on the inactivation of MYC,
unless they acquire novel genetic alterations that can sustain a
neoplastic phenotype.

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