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Blood, 15 December 2003, Vol. 102, No. 13, pp. 4393-4398.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on August 21, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-05-1498.
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HEMOSTASIS, THROMBOSIS, AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
Reduced bleeding events with subcutaneous administration of recombinant human factor IX in immune-tolerant hemophilia B dogs
Karen E. Russell,
Eva H. N. Olsen,
Robin A. Raymer,
Elizabeth P. Merricks,
Dwight A. Bellinger,
Marjorie S. Read,
Bonita J. Rup,
James C. Keith, Jr,
Kyle P. McCarthy,
Robert G. Schaub, and
Timothy C. Nichols
From the School of Medicine Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; and Wyeth Research, Cambridge, MA.
Intravenous administration of recombinant human factor IX (rhFIX) acutely corrects the coagulopathy in hemophilia B dogs. To date, 20 of 20 dogs developed inhibitory antibodies to the xenoprotein, making it impossible to determine if new human FIX products, formulations, or methods of chronic administration can reduce bleeding frequency. Our goal was to determine whether hemophilia B dogs rendered tolerant to rhFIX would have reduced bleeding episodes while on sustained prophylactic rhFIX administered subcutaneously. Reproducible methods were developed for inducing tolerance to rhFIX in this strain of hemophilia B dogs, resulting in a significant reduction in the development of inhibitors relative to historical controls (5 of 12 versus 20 or 20, P < .001). The 7 of 12 tolerized hemophilia B dogs exhibited shortened whole blood clotting times (WBCTs), sustained detectable FIX antigen, undetectable Bethesda inhibitors, transient or no detectable antihuman FIX antibody titers by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and normal clearance of infused rhFIX. Tolerized hemophilia B dogs had 69% reduction in bleeding frequency in year 1 compared with nontolerized hemophilia B dogs (P = .0007). If proven safe in human clinical trials, subcutaneous rhFIX may provide an alternate approach to prophylactic therapy in selected patients with hemophilia B. (Blood. 2003;102:4393-4398)
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