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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on April 24, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-02-0430.
Blood, 15 August 2003, Vol. 102, No. 4, pp. 1541-1547 Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from family members other than HLA-identical siblings over the last decade (1991-2000)From the Department of Cell Therapy and Transplantation Medicine, University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Hematology Division, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Advanced Clinical Research Center, Research Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, Aichi, Japan; 5th Department of Medicine, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan; Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Hematology, Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital, Aichi, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan; Department of Hematology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan; Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Niigata University Medical Hospital, Niigata, Japan; Stem Cell Transplant Unit, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Aichi, Japan; and Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan.
The reported outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from HLA-mismatched family members has been inconsistent. The object of this study was to evaluate the true impact of HLA-mismatch by using recent data from a homogenous population, excluding HSCT procedures that used graft manipulations, and by considering genotypic matching. Clinical data of 2947 patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT for leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome were extracted from the database of the Japan Society for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. The main outcome measures were survival and the incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The presence of serologic HLA-mismatch, higher age, and high-risk disease were identified as independent risk factors for both shorter survival and the development of grade III to IV acute GVHD. The impact of HLA-mismatch on survival was more relevant in standard-risk patients. These findings persisted when we used genotypic HLA matching. Survival after one-locusmismatched HSCT was equivalent to that after HLA-matched unrelated HSCT. We concluded that when a one-locusmismatched family donor is available for high-risk patients, immediate HSCT using this donor is warranted. In standard-risk patients, however, survival after one-locusmismatched HSCT is significantly shorter than that after HLA-matched HSCT, and the indications for HSCT should be considered carefully.
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