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Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 8, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2002-11-3337.
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Blood, 1 September 2003, Vol. 102, No. 5, pp. 1915-1919
TRANSPLANTATION
Rapid and complete donor chimerism in adult recipients of unrelated donor umbilical cord blood transplantation after reduced-intensity conditioning
Juliet N. Barker,
Daniel J. Weisdorf,
Todd E. DeFor,
Bruce R. Blazar,
Jeffrey S. Miller, and
John E. Wagner
From the Divisions of Medical and Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and
Transplantation, University of Minnesota Blood and Marrow Transplant Program,
Minneapolis, MN.
Reduced-intensity conditioning may reduce transplantation-related mortality
in high-risk adults undergoing hematopoietic transplantation. We investigated
unrelated donor umbilical cord blood (UCB) transplantation after such
conditioning in 43 patients (median age, 49.5 years; range, 22-65 years) with
a primary end point of donor engraftment. The first 21 patients received
busulfan 8 mg/kg, fludarabine 200 mg/m2, and 200 cGy of total body
irradiation (Bu/Flu/TBI). Subsequent patients (n = 22) received
cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg, fludarabine 200 mg/m2, and 200 cGy TBI
(Cy/Flu/TBI). UCB grafts (93%) were 1-2 HLA antigenmismatched with the
recipient and contained a median cryopreserved cell dose of 3.7 x
107 (range, 1.6 x 107-6.0 x 107)
nucleated cells per kilogram of recipient body weight (NC/kg). Graft versus
host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis was cyclosporin A to day 180 plus
mycophenolate mofetil to day 30. The cumulative incidence of sustained donor
engraftment was 76% (95% confidence interval [CI], 56%-96%) for Bu/Flu/TBI
recipients and 94% (95% CI, 84%-100%) for Cy/Flu/TBI recipients. The median
day of neutrophil recovery (at least 0.5 x 109/L) for
engrafting Bu/Flu/TBI recipients was 26 days (range, 12-30 days) and for
Cy/Flu/TBI recipients was 9.5 days (range, 5-28 days). Incidence of grades
III-IV acute GVHD was 9% (95% CI, 1%-17%), and survival at 1 year was 39% (95%
CI, 23%-56%). These data demonstrate that 0-2 antigen mismatched UCB is
sufficient to engraft most adults after reduced-intensity conditioning and is
associated with a low incidence of severe acute GVHD.

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