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Blood, 15 October 2003, Vol. 102, No. 8, pp. 2994-3002. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 26, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-01-0045.
NEOPLASIA Incidence and clinicobiologic characteristics of leukemic B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders with more than one B-cell cloneFrom the Servicio General de Citometria y Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca; Centro de Investigacion del Cancer, Universidad de Salamanca; Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona; Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Valle del Hebron, Barcelona; Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Virgen Blanca, Leon; Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Virgen de la Concha, Zamora; Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital General Yague, Burgos; Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Virgen del Puerto, Plasencia; and Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Clínico de Valladolid, Spain.
Leukemic B-chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (B-CLPDs) are generally believed to derive from a monoclonal B cell; biclonality has only occasionally been reported. In this study, we have explored the incidence of B-CLPD cases with 2 or more B-cell clones and established both the phenotypic differences between the coexisting clones and the clinicobiologic features of these patients. In total, 53 B-CLPD cases with 2 or more B-cell clones were studied. Presence of 2 or more B-cell clones was suspected by immunophenotype and confirmed by molecular/genetic techniques in leukemic samples (n = 42) and purified B-cell subpopulations (n = 10). Overall, 4.8% of 477 consecutive B-CLPDs had 2 or more B-cell clones, their incidence being especially higher among hairy cell leukemia (3 of 13), large cell lymphoma (2 of 10), and atypical chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (4 of 29). In most cases the 2 B-cell subsets displayed either different surface immunoglobulin (sIg) light chain (n = 37 of 53) or different levels of the same sIg (n = 9 of 53), usually associated with other phenotypic differences. Compared with monoclonal cases, B-CLL patients with 2 or more clones had lower white blood cell (WBC) and lymphocyte counts, more frequently displayed splenomegaly, and required early treatment. Among these, the cases in which a CLL clone coexisted with a non-CLL clone were older and more often displayed B symptoms, a monoclonal component, and diffuse infiltration of bone marrow and required early treatment more frequently than cases with monoclonal CLL or 2 CLL clones.
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