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Blood, 1 April 2004, Vol. 103, No. 7, pp. 2799-2801.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on October 23, 2003; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-06-1840.


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NEOPLASIA
Brief report

Relative increase in leukemia-specific DNA in peripheral blood plasma from patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplasia

Anna Rogers, Youngson Joe, Taghi Manshouri, Amanda Dey, Iman Jilani, Francis Giles, Elihu Estey, Emil Freireich, Michael Keating, Hagop Kantarjian, and Maher Albitar

From the Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, and the Nichols Institute, Quest Diagnostics, San Juan Capistrano, CA.

Using loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and X-chromosome inactivation, we compared peripheral blood (PB) plasma with bone marrow (BM) cells in detecting genomic abnormalities in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We detected LOH in the PB plasma of all 45 patients who had cytogenetically documented chromosomal abnormalities (5q-, 7-, +8, 17-, or 20-). BM cells from the same patients showed LOH in 89% of patients with MDS and 70% of patients with AML. Posttherapy samples from 16 of these patients demonstrated complete concordance between LOH and cytogenetics in detecting residual disease in 15 samples. Of the 16 samples, 4 showed LOH in plasma with normal BM morphology. Using X-chromosome inactivation, clonality was detectable in 19 (73%) of 26 BM samples, whereas all PB plasma samples showed clonality. These data support the conclusion that PB plasma is enriched by tumor-specific DNA and can replace BM cells for studying genomic abnormalities. (Blood. 2004;103:2799-2801)


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