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 Blood, 1 October 2004, Vol. 104, No. 7, pp. 2172-2175.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 1, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2003-12-4386.

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NEOPLASIA
Brief report

Multiple myeloma cells catalyze hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) activation by secreting the serine protease HGF-activator

Esther P.M. Tjin, Patrick W.B. Derksen, Hiroaki Kataoka, Marcel Spaargaren, and Steven T. Pals

From the Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and the Second Department of Pathology, Miyazaki Medical College, Kiyotake, Japan.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematologic neoplasm consisting of malignant plasma cells, which expand in the bone marrow. A potential key signal in the evolution of MM is hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which acts as a potent paracrine and/or autocrine growth factor and survival factor for MM cells. Proteolytic conversion of HGF into its active form is a critical limiting step in HGF/MET signaling. Here, we show that malignant MM plasma cells convert HGF into its active form and secrete HGF-activator (HGFA), a serine protease specific for HGF activation. By using serine protease inhibitors and neutralizing antibodies, we demonstrate that HGFA produced by the MM cells is responsible for their ability to catalyze HGF activation. We, therefore, suggest that autocatalyzation of HGF conversion by MM cells is an important step in HGF/MET-induced myeloma growth and survival, which may have implications for the management of this incurable form of cancer. (Blood. 2004;104:2172-2175)


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