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Blood, 1 February 2005, Vol. 105, No. 3, pp. 1179-1186. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on October 7, 2004; DOI 10.1182/blood-2004-07-2833. This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Supplemental Figure All Versions of this Article: 2004-07-2833v1 105/3/1179    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Beadling, C. Articles by Slifka, M. K. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Beadling, C. Articles by Slifka, M. K. Related Collections Immunobiology Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  IMMUNOBIOLOGY Differential regulation of virus-specific T-cell effector functions following activation by peptide or innate cytokines Carol Beadling, and Mark K. Slifka From the Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR. Robust CD8+ T-cell activation is vital for the recovery from many viral infections and is orchestrated via the integration of signals delivered through surface molecules, including the T-cell antigen receptors (TcRs) and cytokine receptors. Little is known about how virus-specific T cells interpret sequential or combined stimulation through these receptors, which must undoubtedly occur in vivo during antiviral immune responses. When measured in real time, peptide antigen and the cytokines, interleukin 12 (IL-12) and IL-18, independently regulate the on/off kinetics of protective (interferon , tumor necrosis factor ) and immunomodulatory (IL-2, CD40L) cytokine production by activated T cells and memory T cells. The remarkable differences in effector functions elicited by innate or adaptive signals (IL-12/ IL-18 or peptide, respectively) illustrate the complex and stringent regulation of cytokine expression by CD8+ T cells. Together, these results indicate how antiviral T cells incorporate multiple signals from their local microenvironment and tailor their cytokine responses accordingly. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: Y. Wang, G. Chaudhri, R. J. Jackson, and G. Karupiah IL-12p40 and IL-18 Play Pivotal Roles in Orchestrating the Cell-Mediated Immune Response to a Poxvirus Infection J. 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