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Blood, 15 September 2005, Vol. 106, No. 6, pp. 2186-2188. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 31, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-03-1270.
NEOPLASIA Defective killing of dendritic cells by autologous natural killer cells from acute myeloid leukemia patientsFrom the Laboratoire d'Immunologie des Tumeurs, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; the Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Istologia, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy; the Faculté de Médecine de Marseille, Marseille, France; and the Departement d'Hématologie, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France.
At the frontier between innate and adaptive immunity, dendritic cells (DCs) secrete numerous cytokines and express costimulatory molecules that initiate or enhance natural killer (NK) and T-lymphocyte responses. NK cells also regulate DC physiology by killing immature DCs (iDCs), thus limiting inflammation and inappropriate T-lymphocyte tolerization. In a previous study, we have reported that NK cells from acute myeloid leukemia patients (AML-NK cells) have deficient natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR) expression. Herein, we analyzed the consequences of such a defect regarding the regulatory role of AML-NK cells in DC physiology. We show that NK cells display poor cytolytic capacities against DCs derived from healthy donor monocytes or derived from autologous leukemic blasts. These data point to a novel defect in the regulation of adaptive immune responses initiated by DCs in AML patients. This may lead to specific T-lymphocyte tolerization by spontaneous or ex vivo expanded iDCs expressing leukemia-derived antigens. (Blood. 2005;106: 2186-2188)
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