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Blood, 15 April 2006, Vol. 107, No. 8, pp. 3258-3264.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 22, 2005; DOI 10.1182/blood-2005-11-4374.
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IMMUNOBIOLOGY
Impact of vaccine-induced mucosal high-avidity CD8+CTLs in delay of AIDS viral dissemination from mucosa
Igor M. Belyakov,
Vladimir A. Kuznetsov,
Brian Kelsall,
Dennis Klinman,
Marcin Moniuszko,
Michael Lemon,
Phillip D. Markham,
Ranajit Pal,
John D. Clements,
Mark G. Lewis,
Warren Strober,
Genoveffa Franchini, and
Jay A. Berzofsky
From the Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute (NCI) and Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD; Division of Information and Mathematical Sciences, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore; Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD; Advanced BioScience Laboratories, Kensington, MD; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA; and Southern Research Institute, Frederick, MD.
Natural HIV transmission occurs through mucosa, but it is debated whether mucosal cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) can prevent or reduce dissemination from the initial mucosal site to the systemic circulation. Also, the role of CTL avidity in mucosal AIDS viral transmission is unknown. To address these questions, we used delay in acute-phase peak viremia after intrarectal challenge as an indicator of systemic dissemination. We found that a peptide-prime/poxviral boost vaccine inducing high levels of high-avidity mucosal CTLs can have an impact on dissemination of intrarectally administered pathogenic SHIV-ku2 in macaques and that such protection correlates better with mucosal than with systemic CTLs and particularly with levels of high-avidity mucosal CTLs.
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