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Blood, 1 February 2007, Vol. 109, No. 3, pp. 1051-1060.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on September 21, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-06-026781.


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IMMUNOBIOLOGY

Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 Tax oncoprotein regulates G-protein signaling

Jean-Claude Twizere1, Jean-Yves Springael2, Mathieu Boxus1, Arsène Burny1, Franck Dequiedt1, Jean-François Dewulf1, Julie Duchateau1, Daniel Portetelle1, Patrice Urbain1, Carine Van Lint3, Patrick L. Green4, Renaud Mahieux5, Marc Parmentier2, Luc Willems1, and Richard Kettmann1

1 Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Gembloux, Gembloux, Belgium; 2 Institut de Recherche en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles Campus Erasme, Brussels, Belgium; 3 Laboratoire de Virologie Moléculaire, Institut de Biologie et de Médecine Moléculaires (IBMM), Service de Chimie Biologique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Gosselies, Belgium; 4 Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Molecular Virology Immunology and Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Retrovirus Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; and 5 Unité d'Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France

Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is associated with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and neurological syndromes. HTLV-1 encodes the oncoprotein Tax-1, which modulates viral and cellular gene expression leading to T-cell transformation. Guanine nucleotide–binding proteins (G proteins) and G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest family of membrane proteins known and are involved in the regulation of most biological functions. Here, we report an interaction between HTLV-1 Tax oncoprotein and the G-protein ß subunit. Interestingly, though the G-protein ß subunit inhibits Tax-mediated viral transcription, Tax-1 perturbs G-protein ß subcellular localization. Functional evidence for these observations was obtained using conditional Tax-1–expressing transformed T-lymphocytes, where Tax expression correlated with activation of the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. Our data indicated that HTLV-1 developed a strategy based on the activation of the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in the infected cell; this could have tremendous implications for new therapeutic strategies.


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