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Blood, 1 March 2007, Vol. 109, No. 5, pp. 2183-2189.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on October 31, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-07-033142.


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NEOPLASIA

Expression of the granzyme B inhibitor PI9 predicts outcome in nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma: results of a Western series of 48 patients treated with first-line polychemotherapy within the Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte (GELA) trials

Céline Bossard1, Karim Belhadj2, Felix Reyes2, Nadine Martin-Garcia1, Françoise Berger3, Jean Alain Kummer4, Josette Brière5, Anne-Catherine Baglin6, Stéphane Cheze7, Jacques Bosq8, Vincent Ribrag9, Christian Gisselbrecht10, Nicolas Mounier10, and Philippe Gaulard1

1 Département de Pathologie and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) Unité (U) 617, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Créteil, France; 2 Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France; 3 Service d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite, France; 4 Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands; 5 Département de Pathologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France; 6 Département de Pathologie, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France; 7 Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Hôpital Clemenceau, Caen, France; 8 Département de Pathologie, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; 9 Département de Médecine, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; 10 Institut d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France

Nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma is a rare disease entity with a poor outcome. Expression of antiapoptotic proteins has not been extensively investigated in this entity. Forty-eight patients with nasal T/NK-cell lymphoma who received first-line polychemotherapy (n = 44) or chemoradiotherapy (n = 4) were analyzed for expression of active caspase-3 (aC3), granzyme B protease inhibitor 9 (PI9), and Bcl-2 proteins. Lymphomas were CD3+/CD5/granzyme B+ and EBV-associated. Median age was 46 years. Stage I/II disease was present in 75% of the cases and an International Prognostic Index (IPI) score less than 1 in 65%. With a median follow-up of 6.3 years, 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 39% and 49%, respectively. Apoptotic index was scored as high in 32% of cases and PI9 expression as positive in 68%, whereas 35% disclosed a high number of aC3+ tumor cells. Univariate analysis showed that absence of PI9 and low apoptotic index were associated with poor outcome, but not aC3 expression nor IPI score. By multivariate analysis, both parameters affected independently EFS (P = .02 and .08, respectively) and OS (P = .009 and .04). In view of its constitutive expression by normal NK cells, it is suggested that loss of PI9 expression in tumor cells may reflect some mechanism associated with progression.


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