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Blood, 15 March 2007, Vol. 109, No. 6, pp. 2327-2330. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on November 9, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-08-040436.
CLINICAL TRIALS AND OBSERVATIONS Prognosis of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 (iAMP21)1 Leukaemia Research Cytogenetics Group, Cancer Sciences Division, University of Southampton, United Kingdom; 2 Clinical Trial Service Unit, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; 3 Department of Haematology, Yorkhill National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Glasgow, United Kingdom; 4 Department of Haematology, St James Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom; 5 Academic Unit of Paediatric and Adolescent Oncology, University of Manchester, Christie Hospital and Central Manchester Children's University Hospitals Trusts, United Kingdom; 6 Department of Haematology, Sheffield Children's Hospital, United Kingdom; 7 John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and an intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 (iAMP21) comprise a novel and distinct biological subgroup. We prospectively screened 1630 (84%) patients treated on the UK MRC ALL97 protocol for iAMP21 and herein present demographic, clinical, and survival data on the 28 (2%) children found to harbor this abnormality. They had a common or pre-B ALL immunophenotype, were significantly older (median 9 years vs 5 years), and had a lower white cell count (median 3.9 vs 12.4) compared with children without this abnormality. Notably, patients with iAMP21 had a significantly inferior event-free and overall survival at 5 years compared with other patients: 29% (95% confidence interval [CI], 13%-48%) versus 78% (95% CI, 76%-80%) and 71% (95% CI, 51%-84%) versus 87% (95% CI, 85%-88%), respectively. As a result of this 3-fold increase in relapse risk, newly diagnosed patients with iAMP21 recruited to the current UK MRC ALL2003 trial are being treated on the high-risk arm and are considered for bone marrow transplantation in first remission.
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