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Blood, 1 July 2007, Vol. 110, No. 1, pp. 228-236. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on March 15, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-12-063636. This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Erratum (v110,p3841) All Versions of this Article: blood-2006-12-063636v1 110/1/228    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Zhang, X. Articles by Song, W.-C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Zhang, X. Articles by Song, W.-C. Related Collections Immunobiology Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  IMMUNOBIOLOGY Regulation of Toll-like receptor–mediated inflammatory response by complement in vivo Xinhua Zhang1, Yuko Kimura1, Chongyun Fang1, Lin Zhou1, Georgia Sfyroera2, John D. Lambris2, Rick A. Wetsel3, Takashi Miwa1, and Wen-Chao Song1 1 Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics and Department of Pharmacology, 2 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia; 3 Research Center for Immunology and Autoimmune Diseases, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas, Houston Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and complement are 2 components of innate immunity that are critical for first-line host defense and elicitation of adaptive immune responses. Many pathogen-associated molecular patterns activate both TLR and complement, but whether and how these 2 systems, when coactivated in vivo, interact with each other has not been well studied. We demonstrate here a widespread regulation of TLR signaling by complement in vivo. The TLR ligands lipopolysacharride (TLR4), zymosan (TLR2/6), and CpG oligonucleotide (TLR9) caused, in a complement-dependent manner, strikingly elevated plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-), and IL-1ß, and/or decreased plasma IL-12 levels in mice deficient in the membrane complement inhibitor decay-accelerating factor (DAF). A similar outcome was observed in wild-type mice cotreated with the TLR ligands and cobra venom factor, a potent complement activator. The regulatory effect of complement on TLR-induced cytokine production in vivo was mediated by the anaphylatoxin receptors C5aR and C3aR. Additionally, changes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–induced cytokine production in DAF-deficient mice correlated with increased mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-B activation in the spleen. These results reveal a strong interaction between complement and TLR signaling in vivo and suggest a novel mechanism by which complement promotes inflammation and modulates adaptive immunity. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: D. D. Kim, T. Miwa, Y. Kimura, R. A. Schwendener, M. van Lookeren Campagne, and W.-C. Song Deficiency of decay-accelerating factor and complement receptor 1-related gene/protein y on murine platelets leads to complement-dependent clearance by the macrophage phagocytic receptor CRIg Blood, August 15, 2008; 112(4): 1109 - 1119. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] C. Fang, T. Miwa, H. Shen, and W.-C. Song Complement-Dependent Enhancement of CD8+ T Cell Immunity to Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection in Decay-Accelerating Factor-Deficient Mice J. Immunol., September 1, 2007; 179(5): 3178 - 3186. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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