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Blood, 15 July 2007, Vol. 110, No. 2, pp. 719-726. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on April 9, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-01-068809.
NEOPLASIA Haploinsufficiency of EGR1, a candidate gene in the del(5q), leads to the development of myeloid disorders1 Section of Hematology/Oncology and the Cancer Research Center, University of Chicago, IL; 2 Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco; 3 Department of Pathology 4 Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, IL Loss of a whole chromosome 5 or a deletion of the long arm, del(5q), is a recurring abnormality in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To identify a leukemia-related gene on chromosome 5, we previously delineated a 970-kb segment of 5q31 that is deleted in all patients examined, and prepared a transcript map of this region. EGR1 is a candidate tumor suppressor gene within the commonly deleted segment of 5q, and encodes a zinc finger transcription factor. To test the hypothesis that loss of function of Egr1 is an initiating event in the pathogenesis of AML/MDS, Egr1-deficient mice were treated with a potent DNA alkylating agent, N-ethyl-nitrosourea (ENU), to induce secondary cooperating mutations. Egr1+/ and Egr1/ mice treated with ENU developed immature T-cell lymphomas (CD4+, CD8+) or a myeloproliferative disorder (MPD) at increased rates and with shorter latencies than that of wild-type littermates. The MPD was characterized by an elevated white blood cell count, anemia, and thrombocytopenia with ineffective erythropoiesis. Biallelic mutations of Egr1 were not observed in MPDs in Egr1+/ mice. Our data suggest that haploinsufficiency for Egr1 plays a role in murine leukemogenesis, and in the development of AML/MDS characterized by abnormalities of chromosome 5.
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