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Blood, 1 October 2007, Vol. 110, No. 7, pp. 2484-2493. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on July 12, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-02-076364. This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Supplemental Figure All Versions of this Article: blood-2007-02-076364v1 110/7/2484    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Zhang, A. L. Articles by Söderström, K. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Zhang, A. L. Articles by Söderström, K. Related Collections Immunobiology Phagocytes Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  IMMUNOBIOLOGY Natural killer cells trigger differentiation of monocytes into dendritic cells Angela L. Zhang1, Paula Colmenero1, Ulrich Purath2, Cristina Teixeira de Matos3, Wolfgang Hueber5, Lars Klareskog4, Ingo H. Tarner2, Edgar G. Engleman1, and Kalle Söderström1 1 Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA; 2 Kerckhoff-Klinik, Department of Rheumatology, Bad Nauheim, Germany; 3 Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center (MTC) and 4 Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine at Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; 5 Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration (VA) Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA Circulating monocytes can differentiate into dendritic cells (moDCs), which are potent inducers of adaptive immune responses. Previous reports show that granulocyte macrophage–colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 induce monocyte differentiation into moDCs in vitro, but little is known about the physiological requirements that initiate moDC differentiation in vivo. Here we show that a unique natural killer (NK) cell subset (CD3–CD56bright) that accumulates in lymph nodes and chronically inflamed tissues triggers CD14+ monocytes to differentiate into potent T-helper-1 (TH1) promoting DC. This process requires direct contact of monocytes with NK cells and is mediated by GM-CSF and CD154 derived from NK cells. It is noteworthy that synovial fluid (SF) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), but not osteoarthritis (OA), induces monocytes to differentiate into DC. However, this process occurs only in the presence of NK cells. We propose that NK cells play a role in the maintenance of TH1-mediated inflammatory diseases such as RA by providing a local milieu for monocytes to differentiate into DC. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? This article has been cited by other articles: A. Iannello, O. Debbeche, S. Samarani, and A. Ahmad Antiviral NK cell responses in HIV infection: I. NK cell receptor genes as determinants of HIV resistance and progression to AIDS J. Leukoc. Biol., July 1, 2008; 84(1): 1 - 26. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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