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Blood, 1 February 2008, Vol. 111, No. 3, pp. 1208-1216.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on October 18, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-08-107698.


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HEMOSTASIS, THROMBOSIS, AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY

Granulocytes do not express but acquire monocyte-derived tissue factor in whole blood: evidence for a direct transfer

Elena M. Egorina1, Mikhail A. Sovershaev1, Jan O. Olsen1, and Bjarne Østerud1

1 Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway

Unlike unanimous opinion on tissue factor (TF) expression in monocytes, the quest for TF presence in granulocytes has been going on for decades. To study the cell origin and track the blood-borne TF, we assessed TF activity and protein levels, knocked-down endogenous TF expression with small interfering RNA (siRNA), and overexpressed TF–yellow fluorescent protein (TF-YFP) fusion in immunologically isolated human monocytes and granulocytes. Monocytes and, to a much lesser extent, granulocytes isolated from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)–stimulated whole blood contained active TF antigen. However, only monocytes possessed significant TF activity and protein levels when stimulated with LPS/PMA in suspension. Reintroduction of TF-silenced monocytes to whole blood led to a profound reduction of LPS/PMA-stimulated TF activity in both mononuclear cell (MNC) and granulocyte fractions. No reduction in TF activity in MNC and granulocyte fractions was observed when TF-silenced granulocytes were reintroduced to whole blood. As shown by immunoblotting, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy, granulocytes became positive for TF-YFP when isolated from whole blood reconstituted with TF-YFP–expressing monocytes. Together, we pinpoint monocytes as a major source of TF and provide solid experimental evidence for a direct transfer of TF protein from the monocytes to granulocytes in the blood.


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Related Article in Blood Online:

Tissue factor in granulocytes: yes and NO
L. Vijaya Mohan Rao
Blood 2008 111: 976-977. [Full Text] [PDF]





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