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Blood, 1 February 2008, Vol. 111, No. 3, pp. 1677-1685. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on November 27, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-04-083808.
NEOPLASIA Pim-1 and Pim-2 kinases are required for efficient pre–B-cell transformation by v-Abl oncogene1 Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City The precise mechanisms by which Abl oncogenes transform hematopoietic cells are unknown. We have examined the role of Pim kinases in v-Abl–mediated transformation. In v-Abl transformants, expression of Pim-1 and Pim-2, but not Pim-3, is dependent on Abl kinase activity. Transformation assays demonstrate that v-Abl cannot efficiently transform bone marrow cells derived from Pim-1–/–/Pim-2–/– mice. Ectopic expression of either Pim-1 or Pim-2 in Pim-1–/–/Pim-2–/– cells restores transformation by v-Abl, strongly suggesting that either Pim-1 or Pim-2 is required for v-Abl–mediated tumorigenesis. Interestingly, the combined deficiency of Pim-1, Pim-2, and Suppressor of Cytokine Signalling (SOCS)-1 resulted in partial restoration of v-Abl transformation efficiency. In addition, Pim kinases are involved in modification of SOCS-1 and in regulating SOCS-1 protein levels in v-Abl–transformed cells. Furthermore, Pim kinases regulate the proapoptotic proteins Bcl-XS and BAD. Pim kinases inhibit the expression of Bcl-XS. Pim deficiency decreases the phosphorylation levels of BAD, whereas ectopic expression of Pim-1 increases the amount of phospho-BAD. This correlates with an increased protection from apoptosis in Abl transformants expressing Pim kinases. Together, these data suggest that Pim kinases play a key role in the v-Abl transformation, possibly via participating in modulation of SOCS-1 and via regulating the apoptotic signaling.
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