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Blood, 1 March 2008, Vol. 111, No. 5, pp. 2581-2588. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on January 2, 2008; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-08-107482.
CLINICAL TRIALS AND OBSERVATIONS Dose-finding study of imatinib in combination with intravenous cytarabine: feasibility in newly diagnosed patients with chronic myeloid leukemia1 Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; 2 University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; 3 Medical Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands; 4 Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 5 University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; 6 University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; 7 University Hospital St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium; 8 Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; 9 Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 10 Isala Clinic-Sophia, Zwolle, The Netherlands; and 11 Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, The Netherlands; 12 Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; and 13 Haga Hospital, The Hague, The Netherlands The HOVON cooperative study group performed a feasibility study of escalated imatinib and intravenous cytarabine in 165 patients with early chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Patients received 2 cycles of intravenous cytarabine (200 mg/m2 or 1000 mg/m2 days 1-7) in conjunction with imatinib (200 mg, 400 mg, 600 mg, or 800 mg), according to predefined, successive dose levels. All dose levels proved feasible. Seven dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were observed in 302 cycles of chemotherapy, which were caused by streptococcal bacteremia in 5 cases. Intermediate-dose cytarabine (1000 mg/m2) prolonged time to neutrophil recovery and platelet recovery compared with a standard dose (200 mg/m2). High-dose imatinib (600 mg or 800 mg) extended the time to platelet recovery compared with a standard dose (400 mg). More infectious complications common toxicity criteria (CTC) grade 3 or 4 were observed after intermediate-dose cytarabine compared with a standard-dose of cytarabine. Early response data after combination therapy included a complete cytogenetic response in 48% and a major molecular response in 30% of patients, which increased to 46% major molecular responses at 1 year, including 13% complete molecular responses. We conclude that combination therapy of escalating dosages of imatinib and cytarabine is feasible. This study was registered at www.kankerbestrijding.nl as no. CKTO-2001-03.
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