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Blood, 1 May 2008, Vol. 111, No. 9, pp. 4731-4740. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on January 16, 2008; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-09-110544.
NEOPLASIA KSHV LANA inhibits TGF-β signaling through epigenetic silencing of the TGF-β type II receptor1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; 2 Cancer Research UK Viral Oncology Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom; and 3 University of Florida, Shands Cancer Center, Gainesville Signaling through the transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) pathway results in growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in various cell types. We show that this pathway is blocked in Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV)–infected primary effusion lymphoma through down-regulation of the TGF-β type II receptor (TβRII) by epigenetic mechanisms. Our data also suggest that KSHV infection may result in lower expression of TβRII in Kaposi sarcoma and multicentric Castleman disease. KSHV-encoded LANA associates with the promoter of TβRII and leads to its methylation and to the deacetylation of proximal histones. Reestablishment of signaling through this pathway reduces viability of these cells, inferring that KSHV-mediated blockage of TGF-β signaling plays a role in the establishment and progression of KSHV-associated neoplasia. These data suggest a mechanism whereby KSHV evades both the antiproliferative effects of TGF-β signaling by silencing TβRII gene expression and immune recognition by suppressing TGF-β–responsive immune cells through the elevated secretion of TGF-β1.
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