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Blood, 26 March 2009, Vol. 113, No. 13, pp. 3027-3030.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on January 27, 2009; DOI 10.1182/blood-2008-09-179630.


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IMMUNOBIOLOGY

Brief report

FAS-L, IL-10, and double-negative CD4CD8 TCR {alpha}+ T cells are reliable markers of autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) associated with FAS loss of function

Aude Magerus-Chatinet1,2, Marie-Claude Stolzenberg1,2, Maria S. Loffredo1,2, Bénédicte Neven13, Catherine Schaffner1,2, Nicolas Ducrot1,2, Peter D. Arkwright4, Brigitte Bader-Meunier3, José Barbot5, Stéphane Blanche3, Jean-Laurent Casanova2,3,6, Marianne Debré3, Alina Ferster7, Claire Fieschi8, Benoit Florkin9, Claire Galambrun10, Olivier Hermine2,3,11, Olivier Lambotte12, Eric Solary13, Caroline Thomas14, Francoise Le Deist15, Capucine Picard2,3,16, Alain Fischer13, and Frédéric Rieux-Laucat1,2

1 Inserm U768, Paris, France; 2 Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; 3 Unité d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France; 4 Department of Pediatric Immunology, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; 5 Service d'Hématologie, Hôpital de Crianças Maria Pia, Porto, Portugal; 6 Inserm U550, Paris, France; 7 Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants-Reine Fabiola, Bruxelles, Belgium; 8 Unité d'Immunopathologie, Département d'Immunologie Clinique, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France; 9 Département de Pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Domaine Universitaire du Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium; 10 Service d'hématologie pédiatrique, Hôpital des enfants de la Timone, Marseille, France; 11 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 8147, Service d'Hématologie et Centre de Référence des Mastocytoses, Paris, France; 12 Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; 13 Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 866, Faculté de Médecine, Dijon, France; 14 Service d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Mère Enfant, Nantes, France; 15 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC; and 16 Centre d'Etude des Déficits Immunitaires, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris, France

Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) is characterized by splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, hypergammaglobulinemia, accumulation of double-negative TCR{alpha}β+ CD4CD8 T cells (DNT cells), and autoimmunity. Previously, DNT cell detection and a functional defect of T cells in a FAS-induced apoptosis test in vitro had been used for ALPS diagnosis. However, a functional defect can also be detected in mutation-positive relatives (MPRs) who remain free of any ALPS-related disease. In contrast, lymphocytes from patients carrying a somatic mutation of FAS exhibit normal sensitivity to FAS-induced apoptosis in vitro. We assessed the soluble FAS-L concentration in the plasma of ALPS patients carrying FAS mutations. Overall, we showed that determination of the FAS-L represents, together with the IL-10 concentration and the DNT cell percentage, a reliable tool for the diagnosis of ALPS.


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