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Blood, 9 April 2009, Vol. 113, No. 15, pp. 3520-3529.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 1, 2008; DOI 10.1182/blood-2008-07-171942.
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IMMUNOBIOLOGY
Viperin is required for optimal Th2 responses and T-cell receptor–mediated activation of NF- B and AP-1
Lian-Qun Qiu1,
Peter Cresswell2, and
Keh-Chuang Chin1
1 Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Inflammation, Singapore Immunology Network, Biomedical Sciences Institutes, Singapore; and
2 Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
Viperin (virus inhibitory protein, endoplasmic reticulum [ER]–associated, interferon-inducible) has been identified as a highly inducible ER protein that has antiviral activity. Here, we characterized the phenotype of mice deficient in viperin and examined the biological function of viperin in peripheral T-cell activation and differentiation. Splenic CD4+ T cells deficient in viperin exhibited normal anti–T-cell receptor (TCR)–induced proliferation and IL-2 production, but produced significantly less T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, in association with impaired GATA3 activation, after stimulation with anti-CD3 antibody, which was not restored upon costimulation with anti-CD28. Th2 differentiation of viperin-deficient naive T cells was also impaired in the presence of strong TCR signaling and minimum IL-4, but not under optimal Th2-skewed conditions. In parallel, viperin-deficient T cells showed decreases in NF- B1/p50 and AP-1/JunB DNA binding activities after TCR engagement. Thus, viperin facilitates TCR-mediated GATA-3 activation and optimal Th2 cytokine production by modulating NF- B and AP-1 activities.

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E. R. Hinson and P. Cresswell
The antiviral protein, viperin, localizes to lipid droplets via its N-terminal amphipathic {alpha}-helix
PNAS,
December 1, 2009;
106(48):
20452 - 20457.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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